week eleven pt. one

Question 1

diabetes mellitus

Answer 1

metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia

Question 2

what is the cause of diabetes mellitus

Answer 2

reduction or absence of production of insulin by beta cells of pancreas or defect of insulin receptors

Question 3

what are the four types of diabetes mellitus

Answer 3

type one, type two, and gestational

Question 4

type one diabetes

Answer 4

absolute lack of insulin, pancreatic beta cells are destroyed

Question 5

type two

Answer 5

body unable to produce sufficient insulin or the body is not able to use the insulin that is produced

Question 6

gestational diabetes

Answer 6

glucose intolerance with initial onset during pregnancy

Question 7

macrosomia

Answer 7

baby is more growth then it should be when born

Question 8

hypoglycemia

Answer 8

low blood sugar

Question 9

hypocalcemia

Answer 9

low levels of calcium

Question 10

hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 10

change in skin tone due to too much bilirubin in blood stream

Question 11

what are the types of diabetes testing

Answer 11

fasting plasma glucose test and oral glucose tolerance test

Question 12

what level of glucose is considered pre-diabetic for the fasting plasma glucose test

Answer 12

100-125

Question 13

what level of glucose is considered pre-diabetic for the oral glucose tolerance test

Answer 13

140-199

Question 14

what are the five systemic complications

Answer 14

diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, macrovascular and microvascular, and oral manifestations

Question 15

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 15

affects the eye can lead to blindness

Question 16

diabetic neuropathy

Answer 16

mild to severe forms of nervous system damage and pain in feet and hands

Question 17

macrovascular/microvascular complications

Answer 17

impairment of blood flow due to thrombi

Question 18

microangiopathic changes

Answer 18

basement membrane of the capillaries thicken which lead to thrombi

Question 19

diabetic nephropathy

Answer 19

damages small blood vessels in kidney

Question 20

what is a normal glucose reading

Answer 20

50-150

Question 21

three types of diabetic medical emergencies

Answer 21

diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome, hypoglycemia

Question 22

diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer 22

insufficient insulin levels in blood so body will metabolize fatty acids for energy

Question 23

hhnks

Answer 23

affects infirm, neglected, or mentally deficient diabetic patients

Question 24

hypoglycemia

Answer 24

missed meal, alcohol, increased exercise without adjusting insulin dosage