Week Three: Have A Heart Flashcards by Anna Chanslor

What does cardiovascular mean?

Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

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What is the purpose of the cardiovascular system?

Delivers oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to various tissues of the body

Transports waste products to the appropriate waste removal system

Also called circulatory system

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What is the heart?

A hollow, muscular organ that provides the power to move blood through the body

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The heart is located in the…

Mediastinum

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What is the pericardium?

Double walled membrane surrounding the heart

Made of fibrous and serous layers

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What is the fibrous layer of the pericardium?

Tougher, protective layer

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What is the parietal layer of the serous layer of the pericardium?

Outside

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What is the visceral layer of the serous layer of the pericardium?

Touches the organ

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What is the pericardial space?

Space between the two serous layers of the pericardium

Contains pericardial fluid

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What is pericardial fluid?

Prevents friction between the heart and pericardium when the heart beats

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What are the three layers of the heart?

Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

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What is the epicardium

External layer of heart

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What is the myocardium

Middle layer of heart

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What is the endocardium

Inner layer of heart

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What are coronary vessels

Blood vessels that deliver blood to and take blood away from hearts tissues

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What is a coronary occlusion

Blockage of coronary vessels and can lead to ischemia

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What is ischemia

Deficiency in blood supply to an area

May lead to necrosis

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An area of necrosis caused by ischemia is called..

Infarct

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What is atria

Superior chambers if heart

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Combing form for atria

Atri/o

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What are ventricles

Inferior chambers of the heart

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Combining form for ventricles

Ventricul/o

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What is a septum

Separating wall

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What does the atrioventricular septum separate

Right and left chambers of the heart

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What is the apex

Tip of heart (pointing part)

What is a valve?

Membranous fold

Heart valves control...

Flow of blood through heart

Combining form for valve

Valv/o and valvul/o

Right AV valve is also called..

Right atrioventricular valve | Tricuspid valve

Left AV valve is also called

Left atrioventricular valve Bicuspid valve Mitral valve

What is heartbeat

Rate and regularity of heart rhythm

What influences heartbeat

Electrical impulses from nerves in the myocardium

What is cardiac output

Volume of blood pumped by the heart over time

Where is the sinoatrial node (SA node) located

In the right atrial wall

What does the SA node do?

Initiates hart rhythm

Where is the atrioventricular node (AV node) located

In the Interatrial septum

What does the AV node do?

Receives impulse from SA node and sends impulses to the bundle of His

Where is the bundle of his located?

In the inter ventricular septum and continues through ventricles as the Purkinje fibers

What do Purkinje fibers do?

Carry impulses through ventricular muscle causing them to contract

What is systole?

Contraction

What is asystole?

Without contraction, heart is not beating

What do arrhythmia and dysrhythmia mean?

Abnormal heart rhythm

What is bradycardia

Abnormally slow heartbeat

What is tachycardia

Abnormally fast heartbeat

What is an electrocardiography?

Process of recording electrical activity of heart

What is an electrocardiogram?

Record of electrical activity of myocardium

What is the P wave

First wave/signal | Depolarization of the atria

What is QRS complex

Spike part on an ECG | Depolarization of ventricles

What is T wave

Repolarization

What is auscultation

Listening to body sounds with a stethoscope

What is the "lub"

Closing of atrioventricular valves

What is the "dub"

Closing of the semilunar valves

What is a murmur

Abnormal sound associated with turbulent blood flor

What are blood vessels

Tubes which blood flows through

What are the combining form for vessels

Angi/o and vas/o

What are the three major types of blood vessels

Arteries, capillaries, and veins

What is lumen

Opening in blood vessels which blood flows | Opening of any tube

What is constriction

Narrowing of the lumen

What is dilation

Widening of lumen

What are arteries

Blood vessels that carry blood away from heart | Usually oxygenated but not always

What is the combining form for artery

Ateri/o

What are arterioles

Smaller branches of arteries

What are veins

Blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart | Usually deoxygenated but not always

What are the combining forms for veins

Ven/o and pleb/o

What are capillaries

Single cell thick and interface between arteries and veins

What is blood pressure

Tension exerted by blood on the arterial walls

What is the combining form for blood pressure

Tensi/o

What is blood pressure measured by

Sphygmomanometer

What is a tourniquet (know how to spell this)

Stops blood flow

What is cardiomegaly

Heart enlargement

What is cardiomyopathy

Disease of heart muscle

What is CHF

Congestive heart failure

What is dirofilariosis

Heartworm infection

What is embolus

Foreign thing somewhere

What is embolism

Condition if having foreign thing somewhere

What is hematoma

Blood tumor or collection of blood

What is occlusion

Blockage

What is shock

Oxygen not getting to tissues

What is thrombus

Clot

What is thrombosis

Condition of having clot

What is defibrillation

Use of electric shock to correct heart

What is hemostasis

Stopping of blood flow

What is transfusion

Blood or blood products from someone else

What is PDA

Patent ductus arteriosus Open hole between heart

Week Three: Have A Heart Flashcards

(84 cards)