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Biomechanics Final > Whiplash > Flashcards

Flashcards in Whiplash Deck (18)
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1
Q

term used to describe MECHANISM whereby the neck is whipped in one direction and recoils in the other
- NOT a DIAGNOSTIC term; does NOT give indication of structures injured

A

whiplash

2
Q

(3) terms used in place of whiplash

A

cervical acceleration/deceleration injury (CAD)
cervical strain/spain
whiplash-associated disorders (WADs)

3
Q

_____ million REAR-ended collisions in US annually; ___% involved experience NECK injury – minimum 1 million people per year in US

A

3.9 million

25-33%

4
Q

most likely to be injured in whiplash injury; chronicity – ___ month post accident __% residual neck pain; ___ year post accident __ % residual neck pain

A

females 20-24
1 month - 6%
2 years - 66%

5
Q

most important factor of whiplash

A

patient’s position

6
Q

___ end will move at GREATER velocity and the ____ segments, the greater the velocity – “______” or “_____”

A

distal
more segments
crack the whip
snapping a towel

7
Q

two mechanisms of injury to facet joints in whiplash

A

pinching of synovial fluid

excessive strain of capsule

8
Q

___% of reduction in BONE MASS results in ___% decrease in STRENGTH

A

25% – 50%

9
Q

when subject to compressive load, the first structure to fail is :

A

endplate

10
Q

vertebra most vulnerable in front and rear impacts

A

C5/C6

11
Q

rear impact injuries more severe when

A

head is turned

12
Q

muscle damaged during HYPERextension

A

SCM

13
Q

muscle damaged during HYPERflexion

A

trapezius

14
Q

no signs/symptoms

A

WAD-0

15
Q

complaints of pain, stiffness or tenderness, but no physical signs are noted

A

WAD-1

16
Q

neck complaints and examining physician finds decrease ROM and point tenderness

A

WAD-2

17
Q

neck complaints plus neuro signs such as decreased deep tendon reflexes, weakness and sensory deficits

A

WAD-3

18
Q

fracture/dislocation or cord injury

A

WAD-4