WM1: Development Flashcards
Why are alcohols polar molecules?
Because of the polarised O-H bond due to electronegativity of Oxygen
Which bond type is stronger; Covalent or Hydrogen bonding?
Covalent
Describe the trend in solubility as you increase the length of the carbon chain on an alcohol.
Solubility decreases due to the polarity of the O-H bond becoming less important to the molecule compared to the carbon chain.
Give the definition for a primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohol
primary = -OH bonded to a carbon bonded to one other carbon atom. secondary = -OH bonded to a carbon bonded to two other carbon atoms. tertiary = -OH bonded to a carbon bonded to three other carbon atoms
What colour change would we see when a dichromate ion is used to oxidise an alcohol group
orange to green
Give the conditions required to go from ethanol to ethanal
Oxidation with potassium dichromate with the alcohol in excess distilled
Give the conditions required to go from ethanol to ethanoic acid
Oxidation with potassium dichromate with the Oxidising agent in excess under reflux
When under reflux, what is the maximum height the vapour should condense at in the condenser?
halfway up (some liebig condensors have a vapour ring)
What colour would potassium dichromate be when added in excess to 2-methylpropan-2-ol and refluxed
Remains orange because 2-methylpropan-2-ol will only oxidise once to form the ketone.
What conditions are required for the dehydration for alcohol to the alkene
alumina catalyst at 300 degrees
What conditions are required for the esterification of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid
Strong acid catalyst heated under reflux.
Name the following molecule:
CH3COOCH2CH3
ethyl ethanoate
Name the following molecule:
CH3CH2OCH2CH2CH3
Propyl ethyl ether
