𝐇𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲: 𝐌𝐢𝐝𝐝𝐥𝐞 𝐀𝐠𝐞𝐬 + 𝐑𝐞𝐧𝐚𝐢𝐬𝐬𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞

Question 1

When were the middle ages

Answer 1

500 to about 1400-1500 ce

Question 2

feudal system

Answer 2

feudalism was a system in which people gave kings and lords money and worked in exchange for protection

Question 3

knight

Answer 3

Knights were medieval gentleman-soldiers, usually high-born, raised by a sovereign to privileged military status after training as a page and squire

Question 4

peasants

Answer 4

Peasants were the poorest people in the medieval era and lived primarily in the country or small villages

Question 5

vassal

Answer 5

someone who swore loyalty and service to a superior lord, or suzerain, as part of feudalism

Question 6

serf

Answer 6

a person who is forced to work on a plot of land

Question 7

fief

Answer 7

a source of income granted to a person (called a vassal) by his lord in exchange for his services

Question 8

apprentice

Answer 8

not usually paid but did receive their food, lodgings and clothing

Question 9

page

Answer 9

A boy who acted as a knight’s attendant as the first stage of training for chivalric knighthood

Question 10

squire

Answer 10

a young boy, training to become a knight

Question 11

guild

Answer 11

associations of craftsmen and merchants formed to promote the economic interests of their members as well as to provide protection and mutual aid

Question 12

Fallow

Answer 12

areas of land that were neither grazed nor cut every year

Question 13

chivalry

Answer 13

the knightly class of feudal times

Question 14

manor

Answer 14

usually comprised of tracts of agricultural land, a village whose inhabitants worked that land, and a manor house where the lord who owned or controlled the estate lived

Question 15

black death

Answer 15

The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in Western Eurasia and North Africa from 1346 to 1353. It is the most fatal pandemic recorded in human history, causing the deaths of 75–200 million people, peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351.

Question 16

tithe

Answer 16

e peasants had to give 10% of their produce, such as animals, crops or goods, to the Church

Question 17

What was a knights life like?

Answer 17

In the afternoons, knights would focus on their horsemanship. They would typically go riding with their lords, spending time hunting, hawking, or inspecting the estate. When evening rolled around, it was time for another prayer service. This was followed by supper.

Question 18

Life in a castle

Answer 18

The rooms were decorated with tapestries and had large open fires. Lords and kings slept in four-poster beds, which had curtains that could be drawn at night-time to keep out draughts. The castles allowed the lord or king to control the surrounding area and intimidate the people living there into obeying them.

Question 19

Life of a peasant

Answer 19

Daily life for peasants consisted of working the land. Life was harsh, with a limited diet and little comfort. Women were subordinate to men, in both the peasant and noble classes, and were expected to ensure the smooth running of the household.

Question 20

Life in a medieval town

Answer 20

Many merchants and craftsmen who sold their goods in town markets became permanent residents

There were many skilled craftsmen working in towns, such as carpenters, blacksmiths and tailors.

Question 21

life in a religious order

Answer 21

Medieval monastic life consisted of prayer, reading, and manual labor. Prayer was a monk’s first priority. Apart from prayer, monks performed a variety of tasks, such as preparing medicine, lettering, and reading. These monks would also work in the gardens and on the land.

Monks and nuns performed many practical services in the Middle Ages, for they housed travelers, nursed the sick, and assisted the poor; abbots and abbesses dispensed advice to secular rulers. But monasticism also offered society a spiritual outlet and ideal with important consequences for medieval culture as a whole.

Question 22

crime and punishment

Answer 22

Punishment options included imprisonment, payment of fines or forfeiture of estate, and various corporal sanctions including whipping, stocks, pillory, branding or the removal of a body part such as a hand or foot, or capital punishment, normally by hanging, though certain crimes were punished by burning

Question 23

what was the renaissance?

Answer 23

The Renaissance was a fervent period of European cultural, artistic, political and economic “rebirth” following the Middle Ages. Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature and art

Question 24

what was humanism

Answer 24

Renaissance humanism was a worldview centered on the nature and importance of humanity, that emerged from the study of Classical antiquity

Question 25

Why did the renaissance begin in italy?

Answer 25

It was such a wealthy and prosperous nation. In the 14th it the 16th century Italy was very successful in trade increasing its capital

Question 26

Changes in art- da vinci

Answer 26

Using perspective and his experiences with scientific observation, Leonardo tried to create faithful renditions of life

Question 27

Changes in sculpture (michelangelo)

Answer 27

He developed a new, anatomical drawing language

Question 28

changes in architecture

Answer 28

Predominantly architectural features such as pilasters, semi-circular arches, orderly arrangements of columns, lintels and domes

Question 29

developments in science

Answer 29

Notable inventions of the Renaissance include the printing press, developed by Johannes Gutenberg in the 1400s, as well as instruments like the telescope and microscope used for scientific inquiry

Question 30

Significance of galileo

Answer 30

Galileo Galilei pioneered the experimental scientific method and was the first to use a refracting telescope to make important astronomical discoveries

Question 31

Health and medicine

Answer 31

campaigns against alcohol, tobacco, drugs, and sexuality. It included crusades for exercise, vegetarian diets, and alternative health care and concerns about eugenics and new diseases

Question 32

Technology and historical change

Answer 32

The era is marked by profound technical advancements such as the printing press, linear perspective in drawing, patent law, double shell domes and bastion fortresses.

Question 33

Changes in literature

Answer 33

literature became less focused primarily on religious or intellectual themes

Shakespeare updated the simplistic, two-dimensional writing style of pre-Renaissance drama