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Yr 12 PE > 09c. Chronic Adaptations - Anerobic > Flashcards

09c. Chronic Adaptations - Anerobic Flashcards

1
Q

What is pulmonary Diffusion

A

Pulmonary = lungs, diffusion of 02 from the alveoli into the blood and CO2 out of blood into alveoli

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2
Q

Define VO2/O2 uptake

A

The amount of oxygen taken in, transported to and used by the working muscles.

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3
Q

Define Heart Rate

A

Amount of times the heart beats per minute

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4
Q

Define Stroke Volume

A

The amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per beat

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5
Q

Define Cardiac Output

A

The amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per minute (HR x SV = Q)

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6
Q

Define AVO2 Difference

A

The difference between the amount of oxygen in the arteries and the veins. It indirectly measures how much oxygen the muscles use.

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7
Q

Describe motor unit recruitment

A

A motor unit is a muscle fibre and the motor neuron which attaches to it (it passes messages from the brain to the muscle). The more motor units recruited the more force you produce.

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8
Q

Define venous return

A

The amount of blood returned to the heart via the veins

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9
Q

What does haemoglobin do

A

carry oxygen in the blood

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10
Q

What does myoglobin do

A

transport oxygen within the muscle

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11
Q

What does mitochondria do

A

produce aerobic energy

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12
Q

Describe fast twitch fibres

A

increased size, increased force of contraction, fatigue easily

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13
Q

Describe slow twitch fibres

A

do not fatigue easily, increased blood supply

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14
Q

What does the Left Ventricle do

A

pumps oxygenated blood out of the heart to the body

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15
Q

What do the capillaries do

A

supply tissues with oxygenated blood and carry blood containing waste away from tissues

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16
Q

What is lung elasticity

A

the ability of the lungs to expand and contract to take in more air

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17
Q

What is the amount of blood returned to the heart via the veins

A

venous return

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18
Q

What carries oxygen in the blood

A

haemoglobin

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19
Q

What transports oxygen within the muscle

A

myoglobin

20
Q

What produces aerobic energy in the muscles?

A

mitochondria

21
Q

What type of muscle fibre has increased size, increased force of contraction and fatigues easily

A

Fast twitch fibres

22
Q

What type of muscle fibre does not fatigue easily and has increased blood supply

A

Slow twitch fibres

23
Q

What pumps oxygenated blood out of the heart to the body

A

Left Ventricle

24
Q

What are the smallest blood vessels that supply tissues with oxygenated blood and carry blood containing waste away from tissues

A

capillaries

25
Q

What is the ability of the lungs to expand and contract to take in more air

A

lung elasticity

26
Q

Which energy system is associated with having a high LIP

A

aerobic

27
Q

Which energy system is associated with having a high LA tolerance

A

anaerobic glycolysis

28
Q

What does hypertrophy mean?

A

increase muscle size

29
Q

What is CP?

A

the fuel of the ATP-CP system

30
Q

What are triglycerides?

A

fats stored in muscle

31
Q

What is an advantage of using triglycerides as a fuel?

A

increased ATP resynthesised, increased yield

32
Q

What is an disadvantage of using triglycerides as a fuel?

A

increased need for oxygen to break it down, decreased rate

33
Q

What is an advantage of using glycogen as a fuel?

A

increased rate of ATP resynthesis

34
Q

What is an disadvantage of using glycogen as a fuel?

A

limited stores, decreased yield

35
Q

What is LIP?

A

the last point of balance where LA accumulation is equal to removal

36
Q

What is thee amount of air inhaled and exhaled per breath

A

Tidal Volume

37
Q

What is the number of breaths per minute

A

Respiratory Rate

38
Q

Whats is total amount of air breathed in and out per minute

A

Ventilation

39
Q

What is the movement of gases from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

A

Gaseous Exchange

40
Q

What is the diffusion of 02 from the alveoli into the blood and CO2 out of blood into alveoli

A

Pulmonary Diffusion

41
Q

What is the amount of oxygen taken in, transported to and used by the working muscles.

A

VO2/O2 uptake

42
Q

What is the amount of times the heart beats per minute

A

Heart Rate

43
Q

What is the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per beat

A

Stroke Volume

44
Q

What is the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per minute

A

Cardiac Output

45
Q

What is the difference between the amount of oxygen in the arteries and the veins. It indirectly measures how much oxygen the muscles use.

A

AVO2 Difference

46
Q

Whats is a motor unit is a muscle fibre and the motor neuron which attaches to it (it passes messages from the brain to the muscle).

A

motor unit recruitment

47
Q

What is amount of blood returned to the heart via the veins

A

Venous return

Yr 12 PE (29 decks)

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