1-2: Motor Development part 2 (Postural Control and Developmental Principles) Flashcards
1
Q
Postural control
A
- Multi-system approach to maintaining posture
- Sensory
- MSK
- Motor control
2
Q
Early postural development
A
• Neck muscles respond to visual stimuli <2 mos
• Infants’ musculoskeletal systems respond to
perturbations with vision occluded
• Reactive and anticipatory postural adjustments emerge
over the first years of life
• Postural reactions
3
Q
Types of postural reactions
A
- Righting reactions
- Equilibrium reactions
- Protective reactions
4
Q
Righting reactions
A
- Slight disturbance to COM
- W/in BOS
5
Q
Equilibrium reactions
A
- Moderate disturbance to COM
- Near edge of BOS
6
Q
Protective reactions
A
- Extreme disturbance to COM
- Outside BOS
7
Q
Sensitive periods
A
- AKA critical periods
- Windows of opportunity
- Development is move sensitive to atypical environmental conditions
- Brain is extra responsive to experiences
- Occurs in peaks and valleys
8
Q
Describe “stages” of development
A
- More “stage-like” than continuous
- Often non-linear
- Skills may be acquired in varying orders
- Skills may be skipped
- May revert to earlier patterns (i.e. creeping –> walking – > creeping)
9
Q
Developmental principles
A
- Cephalo-caudal
- Proximal to distal
- Stability/instability
- Dissociation/Fractionaltion
- Variation and variability
10
Q
Cephalo-caudal
A
- Head control before trunk control in sitting
- Spiral progression
11
Q
Proximal to distal
A
- Balance in one place
- Movement w/in a posture
- Transitioning b/t postures
12
Q
Stability/instability
A
- Varies w/ position
- Varies w/ skill aquisition
13
Q
Dissociation/Fractionaltion
A
- From mass movements to specific movements
- From simple to complex
14
Q
Variation and variability
A
At least 18 “styles” of crawling/creeping have been documented
