1-21

Question 1

Cytoplasm

Answer 1

Jelly-like fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

Question 2

Cytoskeleton

Answer 2

Network of fibers that hold the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape and aids in movement

Question 3

Cell wall

Answer 3

Rigid structure on the outside of certain cells, usually plant and bacteria cells

Question 4

Plasma membrane

Answer 4

Semipermeable membrane between the cell contents and either the cell wall or the cells surroundings

Question 5

Ribosome

Answer 5

Non-membrane-bounded organelles responsible for protein synthesis

Question 6

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Answer 6

ER that is dotted with ribosomes; performs protein synthesis

Question 7

Mitochondria

Answer 7

Organelles in which nutrients are converted to energy

Question 8

Lysosome

Answer 8

The organelle in animal cells responsible for hydrolysis reactions that break down proteins, polysaccharides, disaccharides and some lipids

Question 9

Pinocytic vesicle

Answer 9

Vesicle formed at the plasma membrane to allow the absorption of large molecules

Question 10

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Answer 10

ER that has no ribosomes; makes lipids and inactivates harmful byproducts

Question 11

Leucoplast

Answer 11

Organelle that stores starches and oils

Question 12

Chromoplast

Answer 12

Organelle that contains pigments used in photosynthesis

Question 13

Central vacuole

Answer 13

Large vacuole that rests at the center of only plant cells and is filled with a solution that contains a high concentration of solutes

Question 14

Waste vacuole

Answer 14

Vacuoles that contain the waste products of digestion; in both plant and animal cells

Question 15

Contractile vacuole

Answer 15

Regulates the amount of water in the cell in both plant and animal cells

Question 16

Food vacuole

Answer 16

Holds and stores food while being digested in both plant and animal cells

Question 17

Secretion vesicle

Answer 17

Vesicle that holds secretion products so they can be transported to the plasma membrane and released; both plant and animal cells

Question 18

Golgi bodies

Answer 18

The organelles where proteins and lipids are stored and then modified to suit the needs of the cell

Question 19

Centrioles

Answer 19

Organelles found mostly in animal cells and form the flagella or cilia; involved in asexual reproduction

Question 20

Nucleus

Answer 20

Holds cells main DNA and is the “control center of the cell”

Question 21

Phaegocytic vacuole

Answer 21

“Sac” that dorms around a food substance that did not fit through the membrane and begins digestion