Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

child and family > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

what phone number do you call for help in hospital when doing CPR

A

2222

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how many rescue breaths do you initially give to a child/infant

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what comes first in child CPR, rescue breaths or checking for signs of life

A

rescue breaths then check for signs of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how many chest compressions do you give a child/infant

A

15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

techniques you can use to give chest compressions for: infant:
child:

A

infant: 2 finger tips/ encircled technique with thumbs
child: 0ne hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how deep must chest compressions be in a child/infant

A

1/3rd depth of chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

after initial 5 breaths what is breath/compression ratio

A

2 breaths to 15 compressions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

head possition in:

  • infant
  • child
A

infant: neutral
child: head tilt chin lift

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

rate of chest compressions

A

100-120/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is an important indicator or growth in younger children

A

head circumference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do growth charts plot?

A

age against height and weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ona growth chart where is

1) height plotted
2) weight plotted

A

height - upper half

weight- lower half

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does plotting height and weight do

A

places child within a centile (between 0.4-99.6) which indicates if they are growing normally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what things must you remember when doing a growth chart

A
  • children can be ‘between’ centiles especially the 91st and 98th centile
    you can calculate the child’s BMI using weight and height centile
  • remember height of parents is key
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

indications for concern on a growth chart

A

1) sudden deviation in weight or height (ie: 2 year old was in 50th centile but now in 2nd)
2) big difference between height and weight centiles (ie: height on 75th centile and weight on the 10th centile)
3) any measurements out with centiles may (but not always) indicate abnormal growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

vaccinations at 2 months (3)

A
  • the 5 in 1 injection: diptheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, haemophilus influenze B (DTaP/IPV/Hib)
  • pneumococcal (PCV)
  • roatvirus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

vaccinations at 3 months (3)

A
  • second dose of DTaP/IPV/Hib (in one injection)
  • meningococcal C (men C)
  • rotavirus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

vaccination at 4 months (2)

A
  • 3rd dose of DTaP/IPV/Hib

- 2nd dose of pneumococcal (PVC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

vaccination around 1st birthday (between 12-13 months) (3)

A
  • Hib + men C booster - 1 injection
  • 3rd pneumococcal (PVC)
  • 1st MMR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

at what ages do children get MMR

A

1 yr & 3/4yrs,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

vaccination at 3yrs 4 months - 5yrs (2)

A
  • 4th DTaP/IPV/Hib (pre-school booster)

- 2nd MMR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

at what age do girls get HPV vaccination

A

12-13 yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

men C booster when?

A

13 - 15 yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

when do you give tetanus, diptheria and polio (Td/IPV) booster

A

13 - 18 yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

rule for when multiple vaccinations given simultaneously

A

in different limbs, if not possible they should be 2.5cm apart in same limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

4 categories in developmental milestones

A
  • gross motor skills
  • fine motor skills & vision
  • language and hearing
  • social & play
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

at what stages is APGAR score done

A

1 and 5 minutes after birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what does 1 minute APGAR score asses

A

how well baby tolerated birthing process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what does 5 minute APGAR score asses

A

tells how well baby is doing outside of womb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

why is APGAR score done

A

to determine if baby needs help breathing or is having heart problems

** does not indicate long term health problems**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

normal APGAR score

A
  • its rated out of 10 with higher being better
  • normal 7, 8 or 9
  • score of 10 rare because most babies are born with blue hands and feet and they lose 1 point for this
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

APGAR score that indicates baby need help

A

<7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

3 main causes for low APGAR score

A
  • difficult birth
  • C-section
  • fluid in babys airway
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

which things are assessed during APGAR (5)

A 
muscle tone 
HR
reflexs
skin colour
breathing effort
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

different ages in stages of development chart (9)

A 
6 weeks 
3 months
6 months 
9 months 
12 months 
18 months 
2 yrs
3 yrs
4 yrs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

6 weeks

A

Gm: head control
Fm & V: follows torch
L & H: stills at voice
S & P: social smile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

3 months

A

Gm: no head lag on pulling to sit
Fm & V: hand regard: hands held in midline
L & H: starting to vocalise
S & P: reacts pleasurable to familiar situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

6 months

A

Gm: push up on arm/weight bear on legs
Fm & V: grasp toys/hand to hand/ palmar grasp/ mouths
L & H: babbles & screams when annoyed
S & P: still friendly with strangers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

12 months

A

Gm: pulls to sit/cruises around furniture
Fm & V: bags toys together
L & H: responds to name
S & P: drinks from cup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

9 months

A

Gm: stands holding onto furniture/ may crawl
Fm & V: uses index finger to point, pick up small objects
L & H: babbles for self amusement, imitates sounds
S & P: plays peek-a-boo, distinguishes strangers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

18 months

A

Gm: runs, climbs onto adult chairs
Fm & V: builds tower of 3 blocks
L & H: 5-20 words, points to body parts
S & P: feeds with spoon, mimic adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

2 years

A

Gm: up and down stairs, sits on trike and steers
Fm & V: tower 6-7 blocks, scribbles, matches toys
L & H: 50+ words, talks to self, understand simple instruction
S & P: feeding is less messy, put on hat and shoes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

3 years

A

Gm: stairs with alternating feet, jumps off bottom step, stands on 1 foot temporarily
Fm & V: towers 9 blocks
L & H: knows own name, asks lots of questions, nursery rhymes
S & P: washes own hands, pretend play, understands sharing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

4 years

A

Gm: climbs ladders, walks/runs on tip toe
Fm & V: threads beads, draws man with legs, head & trunk
L & H: counts to 20, recounts resent stories
S & P: dresses and undresses self, understands turn taking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

in labour full dilation is?

A

10cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

latent stage of labour is?

A

onset of regular contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

dilation rate of latent labour

A

1-3cm/hour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

what is active labour

A

full dilation to birth of baby

49
Q

time of active labour

A

15-120 mins

50
Q

what do you do in premature babies

A

delay clamping cord for 30 seconds and hold baby 20cm below mother (incr haematocrit)

51
Q

drug that reduces time for placenta delivery

A

syntometrine <5 mins

52
Q

when is syntometrine contraindicated in

A 
pre-eclampsia 
hypertension
liver/renal failure
severe heart disease 
hypercholesterolaemia
53
Q

post partum haemorrhage (PPH) is >___mls

A

> 500mls

54
Q

4 T’s that cause PPH

A

trauma
tissue (retention of placenta)
thrombin
tone (loss of tone in uterus)

55
Q

at what point do heart defects happen

A

8-9 weeks of foetal growth

56
Q

list of heart defects (8)

A
  • coartication of aorta (narrowing)
  • tetralogy of fallout
  • atrial/ventral septal defects
  • patent ductus arteriosus
  • aortic/pulmonary valve stenosis
  • transposition of great arteries
  • conotructal malformations
  • hypoplastic left heart system
57
Q

tetralogy of fallout is

A

4 heart defects involve restriction of blood to lungs

58
Q

patent ductus arteriosus is

A

failure of foramen to close allowing blood to bypass lungs

59
Q

transposition of great arteries is

A

reverse of aorta and pulmonary artery

60
Q

hypoplastic left heart system

A

underdeveloped/absent left heart

61
Q

GI defects on babies

A
  • pyloric stenosis
  • diaphragmatic hernia
  • oesophageal atresia
  • hirschsprung disease
  • gastroschisis and omphalocele
  • anal artresia
62
Q

what defect will cause vomiting

A

pyloric stenosis

63
Q

what defect will cause constipation

A

hirschsprung disease

64
Q

what defect will cause protrusion from abdomen

A

gastroschisis and omphalocele

65
Q

clubfoot more common in

A

boys

66
Q

congenital hip displacement more common in?

A

girls

67
Q

teatment for congenital hip displacement

A

casts for 6-9 month

surgery if identified too late

68
Q

teatment forcongenital hip displacement

A

casts for 6-9 month

surgery if identified too late

69
Q

when does neural tube develop in baby

A

1st month of pregnancy (by day 29)

70
Q

examples of neural tube defect

A

spina bifida

anencephaly

71
Q

anencephaly is

A

lack of development of parts of brain

72
Q

what do you give to mother during pregnancy to avoid neural tube defects

A

folic acid

73
Q

what is congenital hypothyroidism

A

when thyroid is absent or under developed

74
Q

features of foetal alcohol syndrome (4)

A

slowed growth
mental retardation
abnormal facial features
CNS problems

75
Q

which drugs if given during first trimester can cause heart defects in baby (3)

A

phenytoin (anti seizure)
thalidomide
chemo

76
Q

what can congenital rubella cause (4)

A

vision and/or hearing loss
heart defects
mental retardation
cerebral palsy

77
Q

eye infection, hearing loss, learning disabilities, enlarged liver/spleen, cerebral palsy all caused by?

A

toxoplasmosis

78
Q

what infection spread during birth can cause death

A

genital herpes

79
Q

low birth weight/intellectual disability/hearing loss can be due to?

A

cytomegalovirus

80
Q

cystic fibrosis is what inheritance

A

autosomal recessive

81
Q

what conditions are usually associated with down syndrome

A

heart defects

82
Q

fragile x syndrome due to?

A

expansion mutation on x chromosome

83
Q

features of fragile x syndrome (4)

A

autistic behaviour
long/large face
flat feet
extremely flexible joints

84
Q

what is phenylketonuria (PKU)

A

metabolic disorder where proteins aren’t processed correctly

85
Q

phenylketonuria (PKU) inherited how

A

autosomal recessive

86
Q

treatment for phenylketonuria (PKU)

A

early recognition, special diet can prevent intellectual disability

87
Q

what is Tay-Sachs disease

A

autosomal recessive
affectes CNS
usually fatal within first few years

88
Q

what can cause baby with seizures, paralysis, seizures

A

Tay-Sachs disease

89
Q

what supplement must mother take while breast feeding

A

vit D

90
Q

what drive nutrition and growth in:

  • infant
  • child
  • pubertal
A
  • infant = nutrient led
  • child = growth hormone led
  • pubertal = sex hormone led
91
Q

what supplements should children 6 months+ take

A

vit A, C, D

92
Q

from what age should children use cups/beakers to ensure max dental health

A

6 months

93
Q

when should solid foods be introduced

A

around 6 months but not before 4 months (obesity risk)

94
Q

when can full fat milk be given

A

in cooking at 6-9 months, as a drink at 12 months

** low fat milk should not be given till 2 yrs**

95
Q

what food do you avoid till 5 yrs

A

nuts and seeds

96
Q

activity requirements in 5-18 yrs

A

~60 mins/day of moderate to vigorous

3/days a week vigorous

97
Q

peak incidence of sudden infant death when?

A

1-4 months

98
Q

risks for sudden infant death (6)

A 
premature
male 
winter
URTI
smoking environment 
co-sleeping
99
Q

how can you avoid sudden infant death (5)

A 
put on back to sleep 
avoid over heating room 
avoid co-sleeping 
avoid too much bedding 
put feet at bottom of cot
100
Q

what is caput succedaneum

A

diffuse swelling of the scalp caused by the pressure of scalp against the dilated cervix during labour.

** resolves over 24-48 hrs **

101
Q

what is cephalohaematoma

A

collection of blood under the periosteum of the skull bone

102
Q

what does cephalohaematoma NOT do

A

cross suture lines

** if more than 1 bone is affected there will be separation between 2 areas at the suture **

103
Q

when does cephalohaematoma appear

A

24-48 hrs after birth

104
Q

at what age do babies get there first immunisations

A

2 months

105
Q

all ages where immunisations are required (8)

A 
2 mnth 
3 mnth 
4 mnth
12/13 mnth
3 yrs4 mnth - 5 yrs
12/13 yrs
13-15 yrs
13-18 yrs
106
Q

ages you get 5in1 vaccine (4)

A

2mth, 3mth, 4mth, 3yrs 4mnth-5yrs

107
Q

ages you get PVC vaccine (3)

A

2mth, 4mth & 3yr 4mnth-5yrs

108
Q

ages you get men C vaccine

A

3 mnth and 13-15yrs

109
Q

average age of girls to enter puberty

A

11 yrs

110
Q

avergage age of biys to enter puberty is

A

6 months after girls ~ 11yrs 6 months

111
Q

hormone responsible for puberty

A

LH

112
Q

cell that produces testoterone

A

leydig

113
Q

cell responsible for spermatogenesis

A

sertoli

114
Q

early puberty is called

A

precocious puberty

115
Q

age of precocious puberty in girls

A

> boys

116
Q

age of precocious puberty in boys

A
117
Q

pubertal delay ages

A

girls >13

boys >14 boys»girls

118
Q

peak height velocity (PHV) - growth spurt

A

girls - 12yrs

boys - 14yrs

child and family (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions