1 - Epithelial cells Flashcards
How many cells are in the human body?
37 trillion (12 zeros)
What do all cells derive from?
The zygote
What are the 4 main cell types?
epithelial cells
mesenchymal cells
haematopoietic cells
neural cells
What are epithelial cells?
Cells forming continuous layers, these layers line surfaces and separate tissue compartments.
What are mesenchymal cells?
Cells of the connective tissues,
e.g. fibroblasts (many tissues), chondrocytes (cartilage), osteocytes (bone), muscle cells (skeletal, cardiac, smooth), the endothelial cells lining blood vessels.
What are haematopoietic cells?
Blood cells and the cells of the bone marrow from which they are derived.
What are neural cells?
Cells of the nervous system having two main types; neurones (carry electrical signals) glial cells (support cells)
What are epithelial cancers called?
carcinomas
What are mesenchymal cancers called?
sarcomas (remember the S in both)
What are haematopoietic cancers called?
leukaemias (from bone marrow cells)
lymphomas (from lymphocytes)
What are neural cell cancers called?
neuroblastomas (from neurone precursors)
gliomas (from glial cells)
What is a tissue?
a group or groups of cells whose type, organisation and architecture are integral to its function
tissues are made up of cells, extracellular matrix and fluid
How many cell types are there?
The diversity of our cells and tissues arises from a single cell.
There are approximately 200 cell types in the human body, which arise from division and cell differentiation during development.
Microfilaments are made of what subunit?
Actin
Mitotic spindle is formed by which cytoskeletal component?
Microtubules
