1 - Information representation and multimedia

Question 1

What is binary?

Answer 1

Base 2 number system

Only 0 and 1

Question 2

What is denary?

Answer 2

Base 10 number system

Digits 0 to 9

Question 3

How is binary converted into denary?

Answer 3

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

Add numbers which correspond to 1’s

Question 4

How is denary converted into binary?

Answer 4

Divide the denary value by 2 until denary value becomes 0

Position the remainders of each division from left to right

Question 5

What is one’s complement?

Answer 5

Digits in a binary number are inverted

0 to 1 and 1 to 0

Question 6

What is two’s complement?

Answer 6

Digits in a binary number are inverted

1 is added to the right-most bit

Question 7

What happens when binary digits 1 and 1 are added?

Answer 7

1 + 1 = 10

Question 8

What is hexadecimal?

Answer 8

Base 16 number system

0 to 9
A to F (10 to 15)

Question 9

How is binary converted to hex?

Answer 9

Separate the binary number into sections of 4 bits from right to left

Calculate denary value of each of the sectioned bits

Use corresponding values A to F if denary value is 10 to 15

Question 10

How is hex converted to binary?

Answer 10

Work out binary value of each of the hex digits

Question 11

What is a memory dump?

Answer 11

Output of memory contents to a printer or monitor

Question 12

What is BCD system?

Answer 12

Binary-coded decimal

4-bit binary code used to represent each denary digit

Question 13

What is ASCII?

Answer 13

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

128 unique characters represented by numbers 0-127

7-bit binary to represent numbers 0 to 127

Question 14

What is bit-map?

Answer 14

A system that forms images with pixels

Question 15

What is a pixel?

Answer 15

The smallest picture element in an image

Question 16

What is color depth?

Answer 16

Number of bits used in the colors of a pixel

Question 17

What is bit depth?

Answer 17

Number of bits per smallest unit in a file

Question 18

What is image resolution?

Answer 18

Number of pixels that make up an image

Question 19

What is screen resolution?

Answer 19

Number of pixels that make up a screen display

Question 20

What is resolution?

Answer 20

Number of pixels per column and row on a screen

Question 21

What is pixel density?

Answer 21

Number of pixels per cm^2

Question 22

What is vector graphics?

Answer 22

Images that are defined by connected points on a Cartesian plane

Question 23

What is sampling resolution?

Answer 23

Number of bits used to represent sound amplitude

Question 24

What is sampling rate?

Answer 24

Number of sound samples per second

Question 25

What is frame rate?

Answer 25

Number of frames in a video per second

Question 26

How is pixel density calculated?

Answer 26

1) Add the squares of the vertical and horizontal pixels
2) Square root the sum
3) Divide the square root by the screen size

pixel density = pixels per unit^2

Question 27

How is bit-map image file size calculated?

Answer 27

Vertical pixels x horizontal pixels x bit depth

= Number of bits

Question 28

What is lossless file compression?

Answer 28

Original file can be restored when decompressed

Question 29

What is lossy file compression?

Answer 29

Parts of the original file cannot be restored when decompressed

Question 30

What is JPEG?

Answer 30

Join photographic Expert Group

Lossy compression

Question 31

What is MP3?

Answer 31

Compresses sound files into MP3 format with audio compression

Lossy compression

Question 32

What is MP4?

Answer 32

Compresses multimedia files

Lossy compression

Question 33

What is RLE?

Answer 33

Run-length encoding

Reduces size of a string of adjacent and identical data

Lossless file compression