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BPK 142 LAB > 1. Osteology & Arthrology > Flashcards

1. Osteology & Arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the functions of the patella. How is the patella different from other bones
of the leg?

A

The patella protects the knee joint, lengthens the lever arm of the quadriceps femoris, and increases the area ofcontact between the patellar ligament and the femur. Patella is the largest sesamoid bone

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2
Q

Name the bones of the pectoral girdle and the bones of the pelvic girdle. Compare
the pectoral and pelvic girdles with regard to strength, function, and versatility

A

pectoral: clavicle, scapula, coracoid

pelvic: ischium, ilium pubis, coccyx

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3
Q

What functions does the clavicle serve in the skeletal system?

A

support upper arm and scapula
- improves leverage and strength in arm
- protects blood vessels an nerves that travel into the arm
-shock absorber of upper torso
- attachment point for at least 6 muscles and tendons

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4
Q
  1. To which bones does the scapula articulate?
A

clavicle and humerus

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5
Q
  1. Describe the bony arrangements which are involved in the elbow joint.
A

humeroulnar joint: hing joint, allows for only flexion and extension movements

humeroradial joint: ball-and-socket joint

superior radioulnar joint: any position of flexion and extension. radius can be rotated.
- movements include pronation and supination

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6
Q
  1. Describe the differences between a male pelvis and a female pelvis.
A

female: larger, broader, oval opening

male: taller, narrower, more compact, heart-shaped opening

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7
Q
  1. Describe the four major curvatures of the vertebral column.
A

Neck (cervical concave)
chest (thoracic convex)
abdomen (lumbar concave)
lower back (convex coccygeal)

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8
Q

Distinguish between true, false, and
floating ribs.

A

true ribs: attach directly to sternum

false ribs: attach to the rib above it, NOT sternum

floating ribs: attach to vertebrae only

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9
Q

What is the function of the thoracic cage? Distinguish between true, false, and
floating ribs.

A

-to protect heart, lungs, abdominal organs
-protects shoulder girdle and arms
-attachment point of respiratory muscles

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10
Q

What are the functions of the acromion process and coracoid process of the
scapula?

A
  • projection of bone from scapula
    -articulates with clavicle
    -attachment point for trapezius and deltoid muscle
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11
Q
  1. What is the function of the tibial tuberosity?
A

top anterior tibia below knee joint
-attachement of patella ligament and quadriceps tendon

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12
Q
  1. Describe differences between the adult skull and the baby skull.
A

adult skull:
- plates fused by immovable fibrous joints

baby skull:
- many unfused plates
- 6 openings called fontanelles (anterior, posterior, 2 anterolateral, 2 posrerolateral)

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13
Q
  1. You should be able to identify all of the structures listed on page 1-12 in the BPK 142
    Laboratory Manual.
A
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14
Q
  1. You should be able to identify all of the listed structures in Table 2-1, describe the
    location of each structure, and give one major function for each structure
A
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15
Q

Heart- Location and function?

A

location: middle left TC (thoracic cage)
function: pumps blood around body

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16
Q

lungs- location and function?

A

location: left and right TC
function: gas exchange (O2 and CO2)

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17
Q

Liver- location and function?

A

location: upper right AC (abdominal cage)
function: produces bile, detoxification

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18
Q

pancreas- location and function?

A

location: middle AC, behind stomach
function: detoxifies blood, waste secretion

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19
Q

spleen-location and function?

A

location: upper left AC
function: eliminates waste cells

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20
Q

kidney-location and function?

A

location: upper AC, behind liver and spleen
function: detoxifies blood, waste secretion

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21
Q

LI-location and function?

A

location: front lower AC
function: absorbs H2O and electrolytes

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22
Q

SI- location and function?

A

location:middle AC
function: absorbs nutrients

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23
Q

stomach-location and function?

A

location: upper left AC
function: enzyme release and nutrient breakdown

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24
Q

gall bladder-location and function?

A

location: right AC, under liver
function: bile storage

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25
Q

esophagus-location and function?

A

location: TC from mouth to stomach
function: food pathway

26
Q

trachea- location and function?

A

location: TC from mouth/nose to lungs
function: air pathway

27
Q

diaphragm- location and function?

A

location: between TC and AC, below lungs
function: lung expansion

28
Q

urinary bladder-location and function?

A

location: pelvic floor, lower AC
function: stores urine

29
Q

ureter- location and function?

A

location: lower AC, from bladder to urethra

function: urine pathway

30
Q

adrenal gland- location and function?

A

location: on top of kidney, upper AC
function: hormone production

31
Q

abdominal aorta-location and function?

A

location: middle AC
function: pathway for blood with O2 from heart to lower body

32
Q

inferior vena cava- location and function?

A

location: middle AC
function: pathway for blood from lower body to heart

33
Q

vertebrae-location and function?

A

location: from skull to pelvic bone
function: supports body and protects spinal cord

34
Q

spinal cord- location and function?

A

location: within vertebrae from brain
function: transports messages to/from brain/body

35
Q

cerebellum- location and function?

A

location:brain; lower back of skull
function motor control, coordination

36
Q

cerebral cortex-location and function?

A

location: brain; outer layer of cerebrum
function: memory, attention, consciousness

37
Q

Identify the following bones on the skeleton:(a) Skull - frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, mandible, maxilla, and zygomatic

A
38
Q

Thorax - ribs, sternum (manubrium, body, xiphoidprocess

A
39
Q

Vertebral column - cervical segment, thoracic segment, lumbarsegment, sacrum, coccyx

A
40
Q

Pectoral girdle - clavicle, scapula

A
41
Q

Vertebral column - cervical segment, thoracic segment, lumbar segment, sacrum, coccyx

A
42
Q

Thorax - ribs, sternum (manubrium, body, xiphoid process

A
43
Q

Upper arm & forearm - humerus, radius, ulna

A
44
Q

Wrist & hand - carpal bones, metacarpal bones, phalanges

A
45
Q

Pelvic girdle - ilium, ischium, pubis

A
46
Q

Thigh & lower leg - femur, patella, tibia, fibula

A
47
Q

Ankle & foot - talus, calcaneus and other tarsal bones; metatarsal bones, phalanges

A
48
Q

Scapula - coracoid process, acromion process, subscapular

A
49
Q

Humerus - head, neck, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, deltoid tuberosity, medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle

A
50
Q

Radius - radial tuberosity

A
51
Q

Pelvic girdle - acetabulum, iliac crest, iliac fossa, anterior

A
52
Q

Femur - head, neck, greater trochanter, condyles

A
53
Q

Tibia - medial and lateral condyles

A
53
Q

Pectoral girdle - clavicle, scapula

A
53
Q

Identify the following bones on the skeleton:(a) Skull - frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, mandible, maxilla, and zygomatic

A
54
Q

Pectoral girdle - clavicle, scapula

A
55
Q

Pectoral girdle - clavicle, scapula

A
56
Q

Pectoral girdle - clavicle, scapula

A
57
Q

Pectoral girdle - clavicle, scapula

A
58
Q

Pectoral girdle - clavicle, scapula

A

BPK 142 LAB (3 decks)

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