Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

10 Personality 2016_1 > 10 Personality 2016_1 > Flashcards

10 Personality 2016_1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Personality:

A

A unique and consistent group of attributes that determine how we think, feel and behave - when alone and when with others.

OR

A relatively stable set of characteristics that influence the way we think, feel and behave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a personality theory?

A

An approach to describing and explaining the origins and development of personality, focusing on the similarities and differences between individuals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the Psychosexual stages in order:

A
  1. Oral
  2. Anal
  3. Phallic
  4. Latent
  5. Genital
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are 3 fixations of the oral stage?

A
  • Issues with dependency
  • problems drinking , eating, smoking
  • thumb sucking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are three fixations of the Phallic stage?

A
  • relationship issues
  • become vain, over ambitious
  • a girl might want to dominate a man
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a characteristic of the Latent stage?

A
  • little or no sexual motivation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the age range for the Anal stage?

A
  • 1-3 years
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the two Psychosexual stages with no fixations

A
  • latent

- genital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When are defence mechanisms used?

A
  • when id and super ego can’t deal with conflict.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name a famous Humanistic Theorist

A

Carl Rogers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the underlying premises of Rogers Humanistic Theory?

A
  • All people are born good

- All individuals strive to reach their full potential throughout their lives (self-actualisation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rogers believes personality is the….

A

Total of all the experiences throughout a person’s life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Rogers believed that a well-adjusted personality and happy individual is someone whose…

A

Self image, ideal self and true self all match.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the Q sort test measure?

A

Congruency, or how well your self-image, ideal self and true self match.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Does Rogers believe the role of other people is important for self-actualisation? Explain.

A

Yes, significantly - others can assist us through being genuine, accepting and empathetic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Give two criticism of the humanistic theory

A

. Offers simplistic and romantic ideas about personality, few of which can be measured scientifically
. Unrealistic because it doesn’t recognise people’s capacity for evil
. Encourages self-fulfilment - child could become self-indulgent and self-centered if parents only focus on self-fulfilment

17
Q

Give two strengths of the humanistic theory

A

. A positive approach to understanding personality
. Give a complete (not necessarily accurate) picture of how a healthy personality develops, which fills in the gaps in other theories

18
Q

What is a personality trait?

A

A personality trait is a lasting personality characteristic that determines an individual’s behaviour.

19
Q

What are the three structures of personality?

A

Id, ego and superego

20
Q

What is the conscious mind?

A

Everything that we are aware of. Is an aspect of our mental processing that we can think and talk about rationally.

21
Q

What are the three levels of the mind?

A

The conscious mind, the preconscious mind and the unconscious mind.

22
Q

What is the preconscious mind?

A

Represents ordinary memory we are not consciously aware of this information at any given time, we can bring it into consciousness when needed.

23
Q

What is the unconscious mind?

A

Feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that are outside of our conscious awareness. Such as feelings of pain, anxiety, or conflict. We suppress these feelings and they can only be accessed through dreams, hypnotism and free association.

24
Q

What is the Id and by which principle does it operate?

A

Is entirely unconscious and includes the instinctive and primitive behaviours. Operates on pleasure principle.

25
Q

What is the ego and by which principle does it operate?

A

Is responsible for dealing with reality. It functions in the conscious, preconscious and unconscious. Operates on reality principle.

26
Q

What is the superego and by which principle does it operate?

A

Is our sense of right and wrong. It acts to perfect and civilise our behaviour. Operates on moral principle.

27
Q

According to Sigmund Freud, what is personality the result of?

A

Personality is the result of internal conflicts of the mind and how effectively individuals resolve these. He believes personality is significantly influenced by experiences in early life.

28
Q

List the three traits in Eysenck’s Personality theory.

A

Psychoticism
Extroversion
Neuroticism

29
Q

Outline one criticism of the Trait approach.

A
  • Doesn’t explain how personality traits change over time.
    Small research sample.
  • Does not take into potential for behaviour change in certain situations.
30
Q

List the three body types and their physical characteristics from Sheldon’s type theory.

A

Endomorph - Large and overweight.
Mesomorph - Medium weight, strong and muscular.
Ectomorph - Thin, with underdeveloped muscles.

31
Q

Outline three characteristics of each body type.

A

Endomorph - Being cheerful, relaxed and sociable.
Mesomorph - Being assertive, vigorous and courageous.
Ectomorph - Being introverted, intense and artistic.

32
Q

Outline one criticism of the type theory.

A

Conflicting evidence from research studies.
Ignore individual differences and classify according to dominant characteristics.
Provide limited categories to classify many different types of personalities.
People often posses personality characteristics that fit into more than one type.
Do not address how personality develops, structure of personality or whether personality can change.

33
Q

Name a criticism of Freud’s psychoanalytical theory.

A

Some people agree:

. Freud focusses too much on the role of sexuality in personality
. Freud’s theory is based on limited sample and is subjective (personal) observation
. Personality development does not proceed in age stages

34
Q

What is the Oedipus complex?

A

Child rivals father for mother’s affection.

35
Q

What is the Electra Complex?

A

Child rivals mother for father’s affection.

10 Personality 2016_1 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions