10.1 Infectious Diseases Flashcards
Define disease
an illness or disorder of the body or the mind that leads to poor health
Each disease is associated with a set of signs and symptoms
What is an infectious disease?
Disease that can be transmitted from one organism to another
What is a non-infectious disease?
Cannot be transmitted from one organism to another
What is a pathogen
any organism which can cause disease
How are non-infectious diseases caused?
Social / lifestyle
Environment
Deficiency in diet
degenerative
genetic / inherited
4 types of pathogens
virus
bacteria
fungi
protocists
How do infectious diseases spread? (3)
direct contact with an infected person or carrier (no symptoms) or indirectly:
water
human food
faeces
animals including insects
What is a transmission cycle?
way in a pathogen passes from one host to anotherr
How do we control the spread of disease? (2 points)
- Breaking the transmission cycle:
once cause and methods of transmission are known - Vaccination:
makes us immune. Pathogens cannot live and reproduce inside us. Cannot be passed on
Cholera (2)
Caused by the bacterium Vibrio Cholerae
Malaria (2)
Caused by Protoctists Plasmodium Falciparum, malariae, ovale, vivax
Tuberculosis (TB) (2)
Caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis
HIV / AIDS (2)
caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus
How is cholera transmitted? (1)
Ingestion of water or food contaminated with faecal matter
How is malaria transmitted? (2)
by a disease vector (carrier)
female anopheles mosquito
