102 - Acute Lymphoid Leukemia Flashcards
In ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia) the malignant cells arise from ____ cells in the BM or ___ system
Progenitor
Lymphoid
The disease is characterized by an increase of un-____ and non-___ leukocytes
Grown
Functional
Infiltration to the BM leads to the following changes in CBC: (5)
- Anemia
- Granulocytopenia
- Thrombocytopenia
Infiltration to the BM leads to the following clinical manifestations: (4)
- Tiredness
- Lethargy
- Bleedings
- Infections
In CLL ___ are usually the complains leading to seek medical help, rather than ___
Clinical symptoms
Palpable mass
In ____, CLL is the most common neoplastic disease, with a peak in the ages of ___
Children
3-4
In ___ there are two age peaks: ___ and ___
15-24
65+
Some of the congenital disease that may increase the risk factor for CLL include: (5)
- Down syndrome
- Fanconi’s anemia
- Klinefelter’s syndrome
- Bloom’s syndrome
- Neurofibromatosis
Most ALL are either B or T. ___% of the cases in adults are of ___ cells- most commonly CD__ (Common ALL)
76%
B
10
Patients with MRD (minimal residual disease) positive are considered to be in ___ risk. In this case ___ should be performed as soon as the first ___ occur
High risk
Allogenic BM transplantation
Hematologic remission
MRD negative have a ___% chance for remission
20-30%
__% of AML patients will present an increase of __ due to __ in the blood stream, but the rest will have normal/low count. Common signs will be __, __, __
60
WBC
blasts
anemia/thrombocytopenia/neutropenia
Diagnosis of AML is based on examining __ and __. Further classification is done by __/__/__
peripheral blood
BM
cytochemical/immunological-molecular markers/cytogenetics
The main goal when diagnosing ALL is to differentiate it from __
AML
ALL patients BM will show __ in biopsy, and will contain almost only __
hypocellularity
blasts
