1037-1863, the second war of unification and uniting the south

Question 1

1857 The National Society

Answer 1

Formed, and membership was at 8000, in 1856 Cavour met Manin

Question 2

What personal reasons did Napoleon have for helping Italy?

Answer 2

Personal fame, he had been in Italy 1830-31, he was a liberal, became French president in 48, felt bad for sending French troops to Rome, lived thier in his youth (Italian heritage)

Question 3

What political reasons did Napoleon have for helping Italy?

Answer 3

Wanted a southern ally, wanted to gain political support, wanted to increase Frances power within Europe, wanted to gain support at home

Question 4

What was the Orsini plot?

Answer 4

Count Felice Orsini plotted the assassination of Napoleon in the name of Italian nationalism.

Question 5

When was the secret meeting of Polmbieres?

Answer 5

July 1858

Question 6

What were the terms of Polmbieres?

Answer 6

Austria had to be seen as the aggressor, Italy would be split into three kingdoms: the upper Kingdom of upper Italy, a Kingdom of central Italy, Rome and the surrounding areas and Naples. France would get nice and Savoy in return for 200,000 soldiers and the agreement would be sealed by marriage

Question 7

What were the terms of Polmbieres?

Answer 7

Austria had to be seen as the aggressor, Italy would be split into three kingdoms: the upper Kingdom of upper Italy, a Kingdom of central Italy, Rome and the surrounding areas and Naples. France would get nice and Savoy in return for 200,000 soldiers and the agreement would be sealed by marriage

Question 8

The start of the war

Answer 8

In March piedmont their army and in April Austria did the same. On the 23rd of April Austria demanded Piedmont demobilise within three days, and war started on the 29th

Question 9

How long did it take Austria to mobilise?

Answer 9

It took ten days to mobilise 90,000 troops this was only partial mobilisation and some troops had to be left behind

Question 10

When was the battle of Magenta?

Answer 10

20th may

Question 11

How many Austrian forces were that in comparison to the allies fought leading up to the battle?

Answer 11

14,000 against 10,700

Question 12

What was the result of magenta?

Answer 12

A decisive victory for the French Sardinian forces on the 4th of June. not a single Piemonte’s casualty

Question 13

What were the quadrilateral fortresses?

Answer 13

Well fortified Austrian territory of Lombardy

Question 14

Who was the Austrian emperor

Answer 14

Franz Joseph

Question 15

when was solferino?

Answer 15

21st-24th June

Question 16

Sure where were the Austrians driven back to at Solferino?

Answer 16

the quadrilaterals

Question 17

How many allied casualties were there at Solferino?

Answer 17

17,000 out of 137,000

Question 18

How many Austrian casualties were there at Solferino?

Answer 18

21,000 out of 128,000

Question 19

When did the Austrian, in prospect of revolts in Hungary, meet Napoleon?

Answer 19

11th july

Question 20

What happened in the central duchies in April 1859?

Answer 20

A popular demonstration in Florence

Question 21

Where did the national SoC organise peaceful revolutions in may of 1859?

Answer 21

Modena and Parma leading to provisional governments?

Question 22

In June of 1859 what were the central duchies effectively a colony of?

Answer 22

Piedmont

Question 23

When did the national SoC move into restore government

Answer 23

June of 1859

Question 24

Why did Napoleon sue for peace in 1859?

Answer 24

Huge casualty rates, there was one doctor per 500 casualties, Austria had retreated to the quadrilaterals which would require a lengthy siege, cavil seemed more interested in the central Duchess which was beyond the tubs of plombieres, 24th of June Prussia mobilised

Question 25

The Treaty of Villafranca July 1859

Answer 25

Napoleon met emperor Franz Joseph’s, piedmont was excluded from the talks. Austria gave Lombardy to France however Venetia remained in Austria’s hands. Piedmont was not given control of Medina or Palmer. Nice and Savoy would not be taken and an Italian confederation was to be set up.

Question 26

Treaty of Zurich November 1859

Answer 26

Officially ended the war

Question 27

Treaty of Turin

Answer 27

Between Cavour and Napoleon, agreed Savoy an niece would be handed over to France if Napoleon would agree with the piedmonteese annexation of the central Duchess.

Question 28

When did cavour return to office?

Answer 28

21st of July 1860

Question 29

Tuscany ‘s plebiscite

Answer 29

366,571 in favour compared to 14,925

Question 30

Emilia’s plebicite

Answer 30

426,000 in favour compared to 1500 against

Question 31

How many people voted in favour of Savoy joining France

Answer 31

130,583 only 285,000 objected

Question 32

Nice’s plebiscite

Answer 32

24,448 in favour 160 against

Question 33

Garibaldi’s role in the 59 war

Answer 33

Went on the Alpine campaign and crossed the ticino river

Question 34

What did garibaldi do in 1860 may?

Answer 34

Set sail for Sicily with “the thousand”

Question 35

Who did garibaldi arrive in Sicily alongside May 11th?

Answer 35

The British Navy

Question 36

Garibaldi advanced towards palmero defeating which army?

Answer 36

Neoploitan

Question 37

What did garibaldi appoint himself as and rule as for 2 months?

Answer 37

Dictator of Sicily

Question 38

What did garibaldi win in September of 1860?

Answer 38

Naples despite being outnumbered with a 6000 full garibaldini

Question 39

On the 26th of September 1860 what happened?

Answer 39

Garibaldi handed over the South to victor Emmanuel

Question 40

How many troops did the sardinian side have at magenta?

Answer 40

30,000

Question 40

How was southern unification justified?

Answer 40

Plebiscites