1.04 Human Anatomy Introduction

Question 1

What is the origin of the word “anatomy”?

Answer 1

From the Greek word “anatomē”, which means “dissection’’ or ‘‘to cut apart.”

Question 2

Original anatomical understanding came largely from observations of what?

Answer 2

Dissected plants and animals.

Question 3

What three languages were originally used in naming anatomical structures?

Answer 3

Greek, Latin, and Arabic.

Question 4

Why is it a necessity to have a standard reference position in anatomy?

Answer 4

So that structures and areas of the body could be described in relation to each other.

Question 5

What is the anatomical term for the standard reference position in anatomy?

Answer 5

The anatomical position.

Question 6

Describe the anatomical position.

Answer 6

It refers to a person standing erect with the head, eyes, and palms facing forward. The feet are together with the toes pointing forward and the arms are hanging by the sides.

Question 7

What are the four structure levels in the body?

Answer 7

Cells, tissues, organs, and systems.

Question 8

What is the most basic structure level of the body?

Answer 8

Cells

Question 9

What do cells come together to form?

Answer 9

Tissue

Question 10

What are the three main types of tissue?

Answer 10

Muscular, nervous, and connective tissue.

Question 11

What is formed by two or more tissues combining to serve as a specialized physiologic center for the body?

Answer 11

An organ.

Question 12

The stomach is an example of a what?

Answer 12

An organ.

Question 13

What type of tissue lines the stomach?

Answer 13

Epithelial tissue.

Question 14

What type of tissue forms the walls of the stomach?

Answer 14

Muscle tissue

Question 15

What is the physiological function of the stomach?

Answer 15

To prepare ingested food for digestion.

Question 16

What is digestion?

Answer 16

The process of breaking down food into small enough units for absorption,

Question 17

What is connective tissue?

Answer 17

The tissue that binds together and supports vasious structures of the body.

Question 18

What type of tissue are tendons and ligaments?

Answer 18

Connective tissue.

Question 19

What is epithelial tissue?

Answer 19

Tissue that covers the surface of the body and lines the body cavities, ducts, and vessels.

Question 20

What is the most complex structural level of the body?

Answer 20

Systems

Question 21

Organs that function cooperatively and have a common purpose are said to be part of the same what?

Answer 21

Body system.

Question 22

Which body system consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines? (The common purpose being the digestion and absorption of food.)

Answer 22

The digestive system

Question 23

What is absorption?

Answer 23

The uptake of nutrients across a tissue or membrane by the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 24

What is the esophagus?

Answer 24

The food pipe; the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.

Question 25

What seven body systems should a fitness professional by familiar with?

Answer 25

Cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, skeletal. nervous. muscular, and endocrine.