Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Echo 3 > IHD > Flashcards

IHD Flashcards

(50 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the progression of events when a cardiac arrest occurs?

A

MI -> Arrhythmia-> Asystole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Briefly describe Kawasaki Disease

A

Inflammation of the walls of medium sized arteries, including CAs
Typically in kids
May cause a MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Compare and contrast STEMI and NSTEMI

A
  • STEMI: transmural (the whole thickness of the muscle, endocardium to epicardium) with ST elevation
  • NSTEMI: only a zone of ischemia with a small zone of cell death, causes a depressed ST segment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A basal septal focal hypertrophy

A

Sigmoid septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True vs pseudoaneurysm

A

True aneurysms have thin walls and wide necks

Pseudoaneurysms occur where the wall ruptures and have a narrow neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Compare and contrast STEMI and NSTEMI

A
  • STEMI: transmural (the whole thickness of the muscle, endocardium to epicardium) with ST elevation
  • NSTEMI: only a zone of ischemia with a small zone of cell death, causes a depressed ST segment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is another name for microvascular angina?

A

Cardiac syndrome x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define ischemic heart disease

A

A blockage in the coronary artery that is sufficient enough to prevent enough blood and oxygen supply to the myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name 5 non-atherosclerotic causes of IHD

A
  1. Cocaine/amphetamines
  2. Radiation therapy
  3. Coronary spasm
  4. Arteritis/vasculitis
  5. Trauma
  6. Embolus into CA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 2 types of MI?

A

STEMI and NSTEMI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Compare and contrast stable/unstable angina

A
  • Stable: predictable and regular, cause by stable plaque, manageable with meds/rest
  • Unstable: more intense, not predictable, may be from plaque rupture, may require immediate procedure (bypass or PCI)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Two most common symptoms in Ischemic heart disease

A

SOB and angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name 5 non-atherosclerotic causes of IHD

A
  1. Cocaine/amphetamines
  2. Radiation therapy
  3. Coronary spasm
  4. Arteritis/vasculitis
  5. Trauma
  6. Embolus into CA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a benefit for using a beta blocker in patients with Ischemic heart disease?

A

It lowers heart rate so it will offset the normal tachycardia that happens when SV and CO drops in IHD.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Acute pericarditis vs Dressler’s Syndrome

A

Acute: 1-4 days post MI due to autoimmune response

Dressler’s: delayed pericarditis, 1-8 weeks post MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What’s a PCI?

A

Angioplasty with stenting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True vs pseudoaneurysm

A

True aneurysms have thin walls and wide necks

Pseudoaneurysms occur where the wall ruptures and have a narrow neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A basal septal focal hypertrophy

A

Sigmoid septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why are nitrates given to cardiac patients?

A

It is a powerful vasodilator that can help more flow travel through a blocked area. It also lowers the afterload due to peripheral vasodilation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the 2 categories of IHD etiology. Which is most common?

A

Atherosclerotic: more common

Non-atherosclerotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the gold standard for diagnosing IHD?

Study These Flashcards
A

Coronary angiogram

22
Q

What is another name for microvascular angina?

Study These Flashcards
A

Cardiac syndrome x

23
Q

Elevated ST segment

24
Q

Define ischemic heart disease

Study These Flashcards
A

A blockage in the coronary artery that is sufficient enough to prevent enough blood and oxygen supply to the myocardium

25
Ischemia vs infarction
Ischemia is a lack of blood and oxygen supply | Infarction is ischemia that has progressed to the point of damage
26
What is a CABG? What vessel is usually harvested for it?
It is open heart surgery (bypass). Usually the GSV
27
Reasons to slow the HR
1. More ventricular filling 2. The CA can fill longer as they only fill during diastole 3. Lowers BP 4. Lowers afterload 5. Lowers oxygen demand
28
When does cell death start to happen in an infarction?
Starts within 1 hour and is complete by 4 hours
29
Depressed ST segment
NSTEMI
30
Depressed ST segment
NSTEMI
31
When does cell death start to happen in an infarction?
Starts within 1 hour and is complete by 4 hours
32
What are the 2 categories of IHD etiology. Which is most common?
Atherosclerotic: more common | Non-atherosclerotic
33
What is a CABG? What vessel is usually harvested for it?
It is open heart surgery (bypass). Usually the GSV
34
What is the progression of events when a cardiac arrest occurs?
MI -> Arrhythmia-> Asystole
35
What’s a PCI?
Angioplasty with stenting
36
Arrhythmia that usually precedes cardiac arrest (asystole)
Ventricular tachycardia (VT)
37
Acute pericarditis vs Dressler’s Syndrome
Acute: 1-4 days post MI due to autoimmune response | Dressler’s: delayed pericarditis, 1-8 weeks post MI
38
What is Variant Angina/Prinzmetal’s Angina?
Caused by coronary artery spasm between 1-6am
39
What are 4 post MI complications?
1. MR due to pap muscle dysfunction 2. Thrombus 3. Aneurysms 4. Pericarditis 5. Acquired VSD 6. CHF 7. Ventricular arrhythmia
40
What is Variant Angina/Prinzmetal’s Angina?
Caused by coronary artery spasm between 1-6am
41
Ischemia vs infarction
Ischemia is a lack of blood and oxygen supply | Infarction is ischemia that has progressed to the point of damage
42
Compare and contrast stable/unstable angina
- Stable: predictable and regular, cause by stable plaque, manageable with meds/rest - Unstable: more intense, not predictable, may be from plaque rupture, may require immediate procedure (bypass or PCI)
43
Elevated ST segment
STEMI
44
What are some risk factors of IHD?
Age, smoking, diabetes, HTN, dyslipidemia, obesity, family history, sedentary lifestyle
45
What is the gold standard for diagnosing IHD?
Coronary angiogram
46
What are the 2 types of MI?
STEMI and NSTEMI
47
What are some risk factors of IHD?
Age, smoking, diabetes, HTN, dyslipidemia, obesity, family history, sedentary lifestyle
48
What are 4 post MI complications?
1. MR due to pap muscle dysfunction 2. Thrombus 3. Aneurysms 4. Pericarditis 5. Acquired VSD 6. CHF 7. Ventricular arrhythmia
49
Briefly describe Kawasaki Disease
Inflammation of the walls of medium sized arteries, including CAs Typically in kids May cause a MI
50
The biggest difference between stable and unstable angina
Unstable angina is not predictable and can be more severe

Echo 3 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions