Modal + Auxiliary Verbs

Question 1

Define auxiliary verb

Answer 1

A verb used in forming the tenses, moods, and voices of other verbs

Question 2

Examples of auxiliaries

Answer 2

Usually differing forms of the be: am/is/was/were/been.

Question 3

How are auxiliaries made negative

Answer 3

By adding NOT or N’T

Question 4

How can we form questions using auxiliaries

Answer 4

By changing the order of the subject and (first) auxiliary: You have been crying. vs Have you been crying?

Question 5

When and why do we use do/does/don’t/doesn’t

Answer 5

In present simple form because the present simple tense uses no auxiliaries

Question 6

When and why do we use did/didn’t

Answer 6

past simple form because this tense uses no auxiliaries

Question 7

Explain the present participle

Answer 7

A verb ending in ING that describes an on going action at the time of speaking
Infinitive + ing

Question 8

Explain the past participle

Answer 8

A (regular) verb ending in ED or (irregular) -T, -EN, -D and -N.
Infinitve + appropriate suffix

Question 9

When do we use modals

Answer 9

To make an assessment, judgement or interpretation of what we are speaking or writing about. Can/could/will/would/shall/should/may/ought to…