Islamic Law

Question 1

What is Shariah?

Answer 1

refers to legal rulings

Question 2

What are the four main sectors of Islamic law?

Answer 2

1. Worship (praying, fasting, hijah) 2. Business transactions (buying, selling, leasing) 3. Family law (marriage, divorce, custody) 4. Criminal laws

Question 3

What is Fiqh?

Answer 3

Islamic Jurisprudence: knowledge of the practical legal rulings which is derived from their detailed evidences

Question 4

What are practical legal rulings?

Answer 4

Physical manifestation of the traditions of the religion

Question 5

What does legal mean?

Answer 5

Only deals with rulings related to law

Question 6

What are rulings?

Answer 6

the address of the legislator which is related to the actions of the legally responsible

Question 7

What is detailed evidence?

Answer 7

very detailed, individual verses or Hadiths

Question 8

What is legal theory?

Answer 8

The knowledge of the general sources of law, how to derive laws from material and who could derive laws

Question 9

What are sources of Islam law that are agreed upon?

Answer 9

1. Quran 2. Hadith 3. Consensus of jurist (clear consensus: every single scholar uttered agreement on issue; silent consensus: scholars utter agreement on issue and no one disagrees) 4. analogy (original case, new case, ruling of original case, effective cause: reason why ruling was given in original case)

Question 10

What are sources of Islam law that are disagreed upon?

Answer 10

1. Opinion of companion 2. laws of previous religions 3. custom

Question 11

What is the process involved with defining laws?

Answer 11

Communication from law giver on what subjects can and cannot do

Question 12

What is an obligation legal ruling?

Answer 12

No option to not doing ruling- rewarded for doing it and punished for not doing it

Question 13

What is a recommendation legal ruling?

Answer 13

Option given to not be done- not punished for not doing it

Question 14

What is a permissible legal ruling?

Answer 14

Not ordered to do so or to not do so– no reward

Question 15

What is a dislikable legal ruling?

Answer 15

Option given to not be done- not punished for not doing so

Question 16

What is a prohibition legal ruling?

Answer 16

Lawgiver prohibited for something to be done definitely - rewarded for doing so and punished for not doing it

Question 17

What are declatory laws?

Answer 17

Cause, condition or impediment for an order/ruling

Question 18

What are the types of defining laws?

Answer 18

1. Reasons 2. Conditions 3. Validity 4. Consensus 5. Preventative

Question 19

What are the divine objectives of legislation?

Answer 19

1. Preservation of religion 2. Preservation of life 3. Preservation of wealth 4. Preservation of intellect 5. Preservation of lineage

Question 20

What are the levels of the divine objective of legislation?

Answer 20

1. Necessary 2. Need 3. Luxury 4. Supportive

Question 21

What are legal maxims?

Answer 21

1. actions are by intentions 2. harms is to be removed 3. customs are taken into account 4. difficulty brings about ease 5. certainty is not overridden by doubt

Question 22

What are the schools of Islamic law?

Answer 22

1. Abu Hanifan (Hanfai school of law) 2. Malik ibn Anas (Malki school of law ) 3. Muhammad idiris Shafari (Shaf’ school of law) 4. Ahmed ibn Hanbali ( Hanbali school of law)