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Chemistry 1 Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

Chemical symbol of carbon

A

C

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2
Q

Chemical symbol for hydrogen

A

H

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3
Q

Chemical symbol for oxygen

A

O

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4
Q

Chemical symbol for nitrogen

A

N

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5
Q

Chemical symbol for calcium

A

Ca

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6
Q

Chemical symbol for phosphorus

A

P

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7
Q

Chemical symbol for potassium

A

K

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8
Q

Chemical symbol for sodium

A

Na

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9
Q

Chemical symbol for iron

A

Fe

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10
Q

Chemical symbol for magnesium

A

Mg

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11
Q

Chemical symbol for sulfur

A

S

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12
Q

Element with a charge

A

Ion

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13
Q

Element with a positive charge

A

Cation

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14
Q

Element with a negative charge

A

Anion

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15
Q

Bond formed by attraction between positive and negative ions
(from one element to another)

A

Ionic bond

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16
Q

Bond formed when there is an unequal sharing of electrons between elements one element has a partially positive charged and the other has a partially negative charge

A

Polar covalent bond

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17
Q

Bun formed when there is an equal sharing of Electrons between elements

A

Nonpolar covalent bond

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18
Q

Negatively charged subatomic particles shared in (covalent bonds)

A

Electrons

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19
Q

Sum of all chemical reactions in the body

A

Metabolism

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20
Q

Reactions in which smaller molecules are combined to form bigger ones (build up)

A

Anabolism

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21
Q

Reactions in which bigger molecules are broken down so form smaller ones

A

Catabolism

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22
Q

Process That adds water to break a bone

A

Hydrolysis

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23
Q

Process that removes water to create a bond

A

Dehydration

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24
Q

Heat requires to raise the temperature of a substance

A

Specific heat

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25
The amounts of H + ions in a solution
Acid
26
Normal pH of the blood
7.35- 7.45
27
Alkalotic Or basic pH in the bloodstream
Less than 7.45
28
Acidic PH in the bloodstream
Greater than 7.35
29
Scale that measures acidity (negative Logarithm scale)
pH
30
Weak acid and base that can add (weak acid) or take away (base) H+ ions
Buffer
31
Elements in carbohydrates
C, H, O (with twice as many H as C and O)
32
3 monosaccharides
Glucose, Galactose, Fructose 
33
3 disaccharides
Lactose, sucrose, maltose
34
Maltose
Glucose + Glucose
35
3 polysaccharides
Glycogen, starch, cellulose
36
Components of triglyceride
Glycerol + 3 fatty acids
37
Fat with a polar head and two nonpolar fatty acid tails
Phospholipid
38
Sucrose
Fructose + Glucose
39
Lactose
Galactose + Glucose
40
Steroid
Fat made from cholesterol
41
Examples of steroids
Cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen
42
Prostaglandins
Regulatory fats that come from essential Fats
43
Nutrients that must be contained in a diet, the body cannot make them
Essential nutrients
44
Building block of a protein
Amino acids
45
Protein structure defined by the sequence of amino acids
Primary structure
46
Protein structure defined by the winding of an amino acid chain into helix are played up sheet
Secondary structure
47
Protein structure defined by the three dimensional folding of a protein chain
Tertiary structure
48
Proteins structure define by several protein chains folded into a large proteins
quaternary structure
49
Examples of fibrous proteins
Elastin, collagen, keratin
50
Examples of globular your proteins
Enzymes, Hemoglobin
51
Ending frequently found at the end of an enzyme’s name
-ase
52
Three major building blocks of DNA
Sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
53
Nitrogen base in DNA that pairs with cytosine
Guanine
54
Usable energy form for the body
ATP
55
Reaction of the synthesis of ATP
ADP + P + energy + —> ATP
56
Reaction for the release of energy from ATP
ATP—> energy + P + ATP
57
Reaction that releases energy
Exergonic reaction
58
Reaction that requires energy
Endergonic reaction
59
Reaction for the breakdown of glucose with oxygen to create water, carbon dioxide, ATP, and heat
Cellular respiration
60
Reactants and a cellular respiration
Glucose and oxygen
61
Element that is found in bone and plays a role in blood clotting
Ca
62
Element that binds oxygen and hemoglobin
Fe
63
Elements that are found in every amino acid
C, H, O, N
64
Element that makes up a backbone of organic compounds
C
65
Type of bond you would expect when an element binds to itself
Non-polar covalent bond
66
Type of bond you would expect between Ca++ and Cl-
Ionic bond
67
Type of organic compound that makes up most enzymes
Proteins
68
Types of nucleic acids
DNA and RNA
69
Polysaccharide Stored in the liver and muscle
Glycogen
70
A polysaccharide that humans can’t digest
Cellulose

Anatomy (3 decks)

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