10b – Lymph Vessels in the Head

Question 1

Afferent lymph vessels:

Answer 1

-bring lymph into lymph nodes

Question 2

Efferent lymph vessels:

Answer 2

-carry FILTERED lymph out

Question 3

Each lymph node is responsible for:

Answer 3

-draining a certain tributary

Question 4

Lymph centers:

Answer 4

-groups of NEIGHBORING lymph nodes

Question 5

Lymph nodes in dog/cat and ruminants are:

Answer 5

-FEWER but larger

Question 6

Lymph nodes in horse and pig:

Answer 6

-smaller but NUMEROUS

Question 7

Lymph nodes in horse are:

Answer 7

-LOBULATED
-smaller
-numerous

Question 8

Lymph nodes in pig:

Answer 8

-INDIVIDUAL lymph nodes are small and numerous
>makes them LOOK fairly large overall

Question 9

Centre of lymph collection for the head in ox:

Answer 9

-LATERAL retropharyngeal L. node
>located below wing of ATLAS

Question 10

All lymph passes through:

Answer 10

-at least 1 lymph node
>provides a barrier for infection and cancer cells

Question 11

What does swelling of a lymph node indicate?

Answer 11

-disease in its TRIBUTARY
-knowing location, normal dimension and tributary of lymph nodes is key for surgeons, pathologists, and meat inspectors

Question 12

Lymph nodes of head are associated with:

Answer 12

-SALIVARY glands or veins and group into centers

Question 13

lymph centers of head:

Answer 13

-parotid L. center
-mandibular L. center
-retropharyngeal L. center

Question 14

Parotid L. center:

Answer 14

-1 or more L nodes at base of ear
-near superficial temporal vein
-partly covered by parotid salivary gland (may be palpable in dog)

Question 15

Parotid L. centre drains:

Answer 15

-DORSAL half of head and skin
-orbit
-masticatory muscles

Question 16

Mandibular lymph center:

Answer 16

-number of L nodes near or BETWEEN mandibles
-near LINGUOFACIAL vein and mandibular salivary gland
-EASILY palpable in dog

Question 17

Mandibular lymph center drains:

Answer 17

-muzzle
-oral cavity (tongue and teeth)
-salivary glands
-inter-mandibular space
-masticatory muscles

Question 18

Retropharyngeal lymph centre:

Answer 18

-divided into medial and lateral groups
-near MAXILLARY vein and pharynx
-lateral is sometimes palpable

Question 19

Retropharyngeal lymph centre drains:

Answer 19

-deep parts of head (pharynx, larynx)
-cranial parts of trachea/esophagus

Question 20

Lateral retropharyngeal L center in horse:

Answer 20

-drains from guttural pouch

Question 21

Lymph from head (all centres) passes thru which retropharyngeal L centre?

Answer 21

-MEDIAL
-except ox, LATERAL

Question 22

Lymph nodes in the NECK:

Answer 22

-superficial cervical L. centre (PRESCAPULAR)
-deep cervical L. centre

Question 23

Superficial cervical L centre located:

Answer 23

-cranial to SHOULDER joint
-covered by brachiocephalicus and omotransversarius
*species variations, dorsal nodes usually palpable

Question 24

Superficial cervical lymph centre drains many parts of:

Answer 24

-skin
-subcutaneous and muscles of neck
-THORAX
-proximal part of front limbs

Question 25

Deep cervical L. centre located:

Answer 25

-along TRACHEA
*species variation
>middle may be absent in some

Question 26

Groups of deep cervical L. centre:

Answer 26

-cranial
-middle
-caudal

Question 27

Deep cervical L. centre drains:

Answer 27

-from deep structures of neck
>ESOPHAGUS
>trachea
>thymus
>thyroid

Question 28

Caudal group of deep cervical L. centre:

Answer 28

-also receives L from superficial cervical L. center

Question 29

Efferent vessels from deep cervical L. centre join:

Answer 29

-tracheal L. TRUNK
>opens into cranial vena cava