Burns Flashcards
Major burns
25 percent or more of TBSA/adult
10 percent or more of TBSA/children
Response of the body
Systemic
Burn affects
All systems of the body
FIRST STEP
airway patency
SECOND STEP
oxygen
THIRD STEP
vitals
FOURTH STEP
IV line and fluid replacement
FIFTH STEP
elevate extremities
SIXTH STEP
keep warm and put on NPO
Superficial-thickness burn (first degree) 6
- only epidermis
- dry/pink to red
- no blistering
- blanching is present
- pain eased by cooling
- healing in 3-6 days
Superficial partial-thickness burns (second degree) 4
- into dermis
- moist red blanching blistering edematous
- sensitive to cold air
- 10-21 days
Deep partial-thickness burns (second degree)
- deeper into dermis
- No blistering
- Red and dry with moderate edema
- May need grafting
- Scar formation and perhaps contractures
- soft and dry eschar
- 3 to 6 weeks
Full thickness (third-degree)
- into the fatty layer of the skin
- dry hard leathery eschar
- severe edema
- reduced or absent sensation
- removal of eschar and grafting is necessary
- weeks to months
deep-full thickness burns
- muscle tendon and bone are damaged
- black and no sensation whatsoever
- severe edema
- grafts are required
Major priorities
prevention of infection and wound closure
Thinner skin, sensory impairment, decreased mobility
increased depth of injury, and increased risk of burn injury
slower healing time
greater infection and loss of function risk
reduced inflammatory and immune responses
increased risk for infection/sepsis, no fever