✅1.1.3 Input, Output, and Storage Devices Flashcards
(57 cards)
1
Q
Give two types of magnetic storage
A
- Hard disk drive
- Floppy disk
- Magnetic tape
2
Q
Give three examples of input devices
A
Touchpad, Keyboard, Barcode reader, Mouse, Magnetic stripe reader, Microphone, Webcam
3
Q
What is a device that is used for both input and output?
A
Touchscreen
4
Q
What is the name of the areas on a CD’s surface burned into grooves by a laser?
A
Pits
5
Q
What does CD stand for?
A
Compact disc
6
Q
Give three examples of output devices
A
Speaker
Monitor
Printer
Projector
7
Q
Highest typical storage capacity: CD, DVD or Blu-Ray
A
Blu-Ray
8
Q
In a hard disk drive, what is mounted at the end of the actuating arm
A
Read / write head
9
Q
Storage device with typical capacities 500GB-5TB
A
Hard disk drive
10
Q
ROM stand for
A
Read only memory
11
Q
Structure in which information is stored in flash memory
A
Information is stored in blocks, which are combined to form pages.
12
Q
Meaning of non-volatile
A
A non-volatile storage medium does not lose its information when power is lost.
13
Q
Two types of logic gate used in flash storage
A
NAND and NOR
14
Q
ROM volatile or non-volatile
A
Non-volatile
15
Q
Form of storage device using silicon semiconductors
A
Flash
16
Q
What are input devices?
A
Peripherals used to provide data and control signals to a computer system
17
Q
Three disadvantages of CDs
A
Easily damaged by scratches, Relatively low capacities, Relatively slow transfer speeds
18
Q
Where are camera based readers used?
A
- Age verification by scanning a driver license.
- Couponing - a 2D barcodes emailed to a customer, which can be scanned from their phone screen at the point of sale.
- Ticketing - Tickets scanned off a phone screen.
- People can use a phone to scan a QR code which can for example play an MP3 when scanned.
19
Q
How do camera based readers work?
A
Uses a camera and image processing techniques to decode a 1D or 2D barcode.
20
Q
What are two advantages of laser scanners?
A
Reliable and economical for low-volume applications
21
Q
How do laser scanners work?
A
They work in the same way as a pen-type reader except they use a laser beam as the light source.
22
Q
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a pen type reader?
A
Advantages:
Small, lightweight, portable, simple design, durable and resistant to environmental hazards such as dust.
Disadvantages:
Must come in direct contact with a barcode to read it
23
Q
What are the 4 different types of barcode readers?
A
- Pen type readers
- Laser scanners
- Camera-based readers
- CCD readers
24
Q
What are 2D barcodes used for?
A
- Ticketless entry to concerts
- Access through gates at an airport
- Photographing them to lead to URL
25
How does a digital camera work?
1. It uses a CCD or CMOS sensor comprising of millions of tiny light sensors arranged in a grid
2. The binary data from each sensor is recorded onto the camera's memory card so that the image can be reproduced using suitable software at a computer.
3. A CCD sensor tends to produce higher quality images and they are used in higher end cameras. They are also more reliable since the technology has been around for much longer.
4. This however is at the cost of power consumption - USES UP TO 100 times THAT OF A CMOS SENSOR
26
How do pen type readers work?
1. A light source and a photo diode are placed next to each other in the top of a pen.
2. To read a barcode the tip of the pen is dragged across all the bars at an even speed.
3. The photo diode measures the light intensity of light reflected back from the source and generates a waveform that is used to measure the width of the bars and spaces in the barcode.
27
What are the two different types of barcode? What is the difference between them?
Linear (1D) and 2D. 2D barcodes can hold more information than 1D barcodes.
28
What is an output device?
Any device that takes data produced by the computer and turn it into a form that humans can understand.
29
What is the structure of LCDs (Liquid Crystal displays)?
(LCD) monitors contain groups of red, green and blue diodes to form each pixel.
The screen is typically back-lit using light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
30
What are 6 advantages of LCDs?
1. They reach their maximum brightness almost immediately
2. The image is sharper with more vivid colours
3. They produce a better light which leads to better definition
4. Since LEDs are very small, the screens can be very thin n production
5. They last almost indefinitely, making them very reliable
6. They require very little power and therefore produce less heat, reducing running costs.
31
What are 2 disadvantages of LCDs?
1. Can be slow to refresh (problem is fast moving sports/computer games)
2. Colours darken and disappear when viewed from the side
32
What are 5 advantages of OLEDs (organic LEDs)?
1. Made of plastic, hence very flexible
2. They are much thinner
3. Brighter and need no backlighting, hence having a lower power consumption, translating into a longer battery life.
4. Up to 200 times faster than LCDs
5. Produce truer colours through a greater viewing angle
33
What are 2 disadvantages of OLEDs (organic LEDs)?
1. Sensitive to water (not suitable for mobiles, tablets etc.)
2. Tends to wear out 4 times faster than LCDs
34
What are 2 advantages of laser printers?
1. Offer high-quality, high-speed printing
2. Becoming increasingly affordable
35
State 2 disadvantages of laser printers
1. Colour laser printers are more expensive than b/w ones
2. Quality is poor for anything other than text
36
What are 2 advantages of ink-jet printers?
1. Produce high definition photorealistic pictures
2. Cheaper than laser printers
37
What are 2 disadvantages of ink-jet printers?
1. Slower than laser printers
2. Ink cartridges need to be frequently replaced
38
What are 2 advantages of dot matrix printers?
1. Can work in damp or dirty environments
2. Useful when multi-part stationary is required
39
What are 2 disadvantages of dot matrix printers?
1. Noisy and slow
2. Print quality is poor
40
What are the benefits of 3D printers?
Can be used to print aeroplane parts, medical instruments, prosthetic limbs, spare parts etc.
41
What are the 4 benefits of multimedia projectors for a teacher?
1. Have an image to focus on whilst teaching can aid with concentration.
2. Watching educational videos adds interest to the lesson
3. Easier for teacher to present the same notes to different classes
4. Teacher can present images, audio, video, graphics and other programs to help with their teaching
42
Give 3 uses of computer speakers
1. Playing music and video soundtracks
2. Notification alerts
3. Navigation commands
43
What is an actuator? Give 3 examples
Actuators are motors which are used in conjunction to sensors to control a mechanism.
Examples include:
1. Opening a window or valve
2. Turning a wheel
3. Controlling devices in a smart home
44
How are hard disks used to store data?
1. It uses rigid rotating platters coated in magnetic material.
2. Ferrous (iron) particles on the disk are polarised to become a north or south state.
3. This represents 0 and 1.
4. The disk is divided into tracks of concentric circles and each track is divided into sectors.
5. The disk spins very quickly, at around 10,000 RPM.
6. A drive head moves across the disk to access different tracks and sectors.
7. Data is read from or written to the disk as the drive head passes over it.
8. When the drive head is not in use, it is parked to the side.
45
What is the average storage capacity of CD-ROM?
700 MB
46
What is the average storage capacity of Blu-ray?
50 GB
47
How are optical disks used to store data?
1. An optical disk works by using a high powered laser to "burn" (change the chemical properties of) sections of its surface, making them less reflective.
2. A laser at a lower power is used to read the disk by shining light onto the surface and a sensor is used to measure the amount of light that is reflected back.
3. A read-only CD-ROM disk pressed during manufacture has pits in its surface (non-reflective areas).
4. Those areas that have not been pitted, are called lands (reflective areas).
5. Reflective and non-reflective areas are read as Is and Os.
48
What are 2 advantages of optical storage?
1. Fairly reliable
2. Good portability
49
What are 2 disadvantages of optical storage?
1. Small capacity per unit (most CDs have less than a 1 GB capacity)
2. Can scratch easily
50
What are 3 advantages of magnetic storage?
1. Large capacity
2. Relatively cheap to buy
3. Usually reliable
51
What are 5 disadvantages of magnetic storage?
1. Not durable
2. Generally not very portable
3. Can be noisy and generate heat
4. Access time is longer as there are moving parts
5. Needs defragmenting
52
What is a solid state drive?
1. A semiconductor-based storage device, which typically uses NAND flash memory to save persistent data.
2. Each NAND flash memory chip consists of an array of blocks, also known as a grid, and within each block, there is an array of memory cells, known as pages or sectors.
3. SSDs read and write data to an underlying set of interconnected flash memory chips.
53
What are 5 advantages of solid state memory?
1. Fast read/write access speed as it has no moving parts
2. Very reliable as they are non-mechanical
3. Don't require defragmentation
4. Very durable and portable
5. Silent in operation
54
What are 3 disadvantages of solid state memory?
1. Expensive
2. Small capacity
3. Limited lifespan as the number of times that an SSD can be written to is finite
55
What are 2 disadvantages of Random Access Memory?
1. More expensive per Gigabyte than secondary storage devices
2. Volatile, meaning it loses information when power is lost.
56
What is an advantage of Random Access Memory?
Faster read/write speeds than secondary storage devices which speeds up the computer's execution.
57
People burn calories as they move around. 'FitFeet' trainers come with an attachable device. This device estimates the calories burnt by the user whilst wearing the trainers. Users can then upload this information to their computers.
Describe a sensor that the device might include to help monitor calories burnt. (2)
1) Altimeter when the wearer is ascending/descending.
2) Accelerometer measure forces on device when it moves.
3) Gyroscope to measure if wearer turns.
