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General Science > Chemistry- part 1 > Flashcards

Chemistry- part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Chemistry?

A

Chemistry is the study of matter and the way it behaves under different conditions.

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2
Q

What is matter?

A

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.

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3
Q

What are the 3 states of matter?

A
  • solid
  • liquid
  • gas
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4
Q

What is diffusion ?

A

Diffusion is the spreading out of particles of a substance from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.

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5
Q

Gas to Solid is called___.

A

Gas to Solid is called -re-sublimation or deposition-

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6
Q

Solid to Gas is called_____.

A

Solid to Gas is called sublimation.

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7
Q

What is a physical change?

A

A physical change is one in which no new substance is formed.

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8
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

A chemical change is one in which one or more new substances are formed.

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9
Q

What is a physical property?

Give 3 examples.

A

A physical property of a substance is one that gives the characteristics of the substance. (eg: shape, odor, texture, melting point, boiling point)

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10
Q

What is a chemical property?

A

A chemical property of a substance is one that describes how a substance behaves during a chemical reaction.

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11
Q

What is an element?

A

An element is a substance that consists of one kind of atom.

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12
Q

What is a mixture?

A

A mixture is any composition of 2 or more substances that are NOT chemically combined together.

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13
Q

What is a compound?

A

A compound is a substance that contains two or more elements that are chemically combined.

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14
Q

What is a compound?

A

A compound is a substance that contains two or more elements that are chemically combined.

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15
Q

What is the difference between a reactants and a products?

A

Reactants are things we start within a reaction.

Products are things that are made in a reaction.

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16
Q

What is the Chemical Formula for sodium chloride?

A

NaCl

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17
Q

What is a solution?

A

A solution is a mixture that is formed when a solid dissolves in a liquid.

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18
Q

What is a solute and what is a solvent?

A
  • The solute is the substance that is being dissolved.

* The solvents is the substance that is doing the dissolving.

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19
Q

What is an Atom?

A

All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms.

20
Q

A group of atoms that a joined together is called a___-.

A

A group of atoms that a joined together is called a - molecule-

21
Q

Which particles in an atom is negatively, positively or neutrally charged?

A
  • Protons- positive
  • Neutrons- neutral
  • Electrons- negative
22
Q

The nucleus is a solid mass in the center of the atom. It is made up 2 particles. Which 2 particles is the nucleus made of?

A
  • Protons

* Neutrons

23
Q

How many Elements are there?

A

118

24
Q

Name 5 of the noble gasses.

A

*He- Helium
*Ne- Neon
*Ar- Argon
*Kr- Krypton
Xe- Xenon

25
Q

What is filtration?

A

A process used to separate a liquid from a solid.

26
Q

What is decantation?

A

A process that involves pouring off a liquid from a solid that is usually heavy and at the bottom of the vessel.

27
Q

What is centrifugation?

A

A process is used to separate solid from a liquid if the solid is very fine and will block the holes in the filter paper.

28
Q

What is evaporation?

A

A process used to separate a solid from a solution.

29
Q

What is simple distillation?

A

A process used to separate a solute from a solvents in a solution.

30
Q

What is fractional distillation?

A

A process used to separate to miscible objects, completely.

31
Q

What is a separating funnel used for?

A

A separating funnel is used to separate two immiscible liquids.

32
Q

What is chromatography?

A

A process used to separate colored substances present in a solution.

33
Q

What is sublimation?

A

A process used to separate a solid which sublimes from one or more solids that do not sublime.

34
Q

What is magnetism?

A

A process used to separate a magnetic solid from a mixture of solids.

35
Q

What is air?

A

Air is a mixture.

36
Q

What is pollution?

A

Pollution is the contamination of the environment by substances that are harmful to life.

37
Q 
What percentage is air made up of:
Nitrogen-
Oxygen-
Argon-
Carbon dioxide-
A

Nitrogen- 78%
Oxygen- 21%
Argon- 0.93%
Carbon dioxide- 0.03%

38
Q

What is air pressure?

A

Air pressure is the weight of the air above a given place on earth.

39
Q

What is the formula for respiration?

A

6 O2 + C6H12O6 —–> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O

40
Q

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

A

6 CO2 + 6 H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6 O2

41
Q

What is the atmosphere?

A

The atmosphere is a blanket of protective gases that covers the earth’s surface, providing insulation against extreme temperatures.

42
Q

What are the 5 layers of the earth in order?

A
  • Troposphere - 1st layer
  • Stratosphere- 2nd layer
  • Mesosphere- 3rd layer
  • Ionosphere- 4th layer
  • Exosphere- 5th layer
43
Q

Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone?

A

Stratosphere

44
Q

List 4 uses of Oxygen.

A
  • Welding and cutting metals
  • Burning of rocket fuels
  • Removal of impurities from molting metal
  • As a respiratory aid
45
Q

List 5 uses of carbon dioxide.

A
  • Used to make fizzy drinks
  • The solid form (dry ice) is used as a refrigerant
  • In fire extinguishers
  • It is used in baking
  • It is used by green plants for photosynthesis

General Science (2 decks)

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