Chapter 8

Question 1

Weathering vs Erosion

Answer 1

Weathering is the breakdown/alteration of rock at the surface,

Erosion is is the transportation/movement of sediments once they are broken down

Question 2

Physical vs Chemical weathering

Answer 2

wedging (frost/ice, root, salt), abrasion, removal of confining stress (exfoliation fracturing). Physical weathering is something physically breaking the rock apart.

dissolution, oxidation, hydrolysis. Chemical processes break down/apart rocks. Chemical weathering creates sediment, but sediment is broken down into particles/ions in the water (stream)

Question 3

Differential Weathering

Answer 3

sediment rocks can be layered of different rocks, some being more resistant (ex: quartz is more resistant than shale) to chemical and physical weathering.

Question 4

Frost Wedging

Answer 4

water enters (seeps into) rock along fractures and mineral-grain boundaries. Water freezes forming ice, which forces the rock apart.

Question 5

Dissolution

Answer 5

the process of rain water mixing with organic materials, which forms carbonic acid, and when it forms with calcite/carbonates, the rock (calcite minerals) slowly dissolves.

Question 6

Oxidation

Answer 6

pyrite oxidizes to form iron hydroxide minerals called limonite.