Parasitic: scabies, lice infection Flashcards

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1
Q

What is this?

A

Scabies
Can see line with a dot at the end - seen commonly in scabies

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2
Q

Causative organism in scabies?

A

Ectoparasite mite (Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis)

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3
Q

RF for scabies?

A

Crowded conditions
Poor hygiene
Poverty
Malnutrition
Homelessness
Immunodeficiency.

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4
Q

How is scabies transmitted?

A

Transmission through close bodily contact. Spread amongst sexual partners is common

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5
Q

Clinical presentation of scabies?

A

Generalised itchy rash.
Symmetrical
Worse at night time

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6
Q

What parts of body does scabies affect?

A

Mainly affect hands (fingers and finger webs), wrists, axillae, thighs, buttocks, waist, genitals, nipples

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7
Q

Dermatological features characteristic of scabies rash?

A
  • Erythematous papules
  • Excoriations
  • Linear scratch marks
  • Dermatitis
  • Nodules which may be skin coloured, red-brown, or violaceous
  • Crusting (hyperkeratosis as seen in crusted scabies)
  • Vesicles which may also be secondary to a superimposed bacterial infection.
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8
Q

Name the two common pathognomonic features of scabies that can help in Dx ?

A

Burrows
Nodules

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9
Q

Investigations for scabies?

A

Skin scrape, extraction of mite, view under microscope to confirm Dx

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10
Q

What is this? Itchy rash on wrist, started on fingers, worse at night.

A

Scabies !

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11
Q

Complications of scabies?

A

Secondary eczema
Impetigo

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12
Q

Management of scabies?

A

Scabicide e.g. permethrin (Lyclear) or malathion (Prioderm)
Antihistamines

Dr Tom: Permithin cream for whole household - apply layer to whole body and leave on for 8-12hrs, wash off. Then repeat a week later.

If hard to treat/have crusted scabies = oral ivermectin (1 dose) can be used

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13
Q

What is this?

A

Head lice

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14
Q

How do head lice spread?

A

Direct head - to - head contact

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15
Q

How is head lice diagnosed?

A

fine-toothed combing of wet or dry hair

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16
Q

Management of head lice?

A
  • treatment is only indicated if living lice are found
  • a choice of treatments should be offered - malathion, wet combing, dimeticone, isopropyl myristate and cyclomethicone
  • household contacts of patients with head lice do not need to be treated unless they are also affected
17
Q

Presentation of head lice?

A

School child
Itching scalp
Lice seen on scalp
Lice eggs on hair shaft