Week 4 - Values, holistic approach, and non-interference

Question 1

T/F - Compare and contrast value charts - may reinforce stereotypes, instead cultural values should be fluid/universal, and more like common human values

Answer 1

true

Question 2

T/F - In the Mi’kmaq worldview, all animate and inanimate beings all have spirit, so people are obligated to respect and honour everything around them

Answer 2

true

Question 3

Indigenous values related to childrearing

Children raised in a WHAT centred world

Answer 3

adult centered

you needed all the people in general from Dec-March during the winter, everyone contributed

Question 4

Indigenous values related to childrearing

Children are gifts from the which?

Answer 4

Creator

*contrast to the West when you hear “my kids”, they are more like property

Question 5

T/F - Indigenous values related to childrearing - Emphasis on independence and autonomy from an early age

Answer 5

true

*took on more adult responsibility at a young age

Question 6

T/F - Indigenous values related to Socializing (parenting) Children include:

 Storytelling – for Indigenous was a great way to teach moral conduct
 Didactic gossip – gossiping where kids can hear
 Modelling behaviours – you watch it done by others and keep watching, and don’t attempt to do it until you are sure you can get it right, you can’t afford to get it wrong
 Inducing fear from external source – if you don’t go to bed at a certain time an owl will come get you
 Third-party discipline – the parents don’t discipline – it’s left up to aunts/uncles/grandparents so the relationship with parents isn’t disrupted
 Offering choices and opportunity to experience natural consequences – kids learn from their mistakes

Answer 6

true

Question 7

What implies that an Indigenous person will not get involved in any way with the rights, privileges, and activities of another person

Answer 7

Non-Interference

This definition though, could be suggesting that there is no moral compass, could be like child neglect in a parenting context

Question 8

T/F - non-interference is a complex and flexible concept

Answer 8

true

Question 9

T/F - Rather than being ‘forbidden’, it has been suggested that indirect and direct interference does indeed occur in Indigenous populations and manifests itself differently depending upon context

Answer 9

true

Question 10

WHAT - means not giving advice, not being directive, and not participating in another person’s process unless invited to do so.

Answer 10

Non-Interference

Question 11

T/F - For Indigenous Peoples - Traditional collectives relied to a great extent on voluntary cooperation

Answer 11

True

Group survival required amicable interpersonal relationships and cooperation among group members

Question 12

T/F - In egalitarian societies, attempts to persuade behaviour could be perceived as an attempt to establish dominance in relationships

Answer 12

True

Trying to be all good” – that person is trying to impose themselves in some way, they are not being humble and trying to push beliefs on others

Question 13

Is it Traditional Settler or Indigenous cultures placed a high value on individual freedom and a profound respect for autonomy of the individual

Answer 13

Indigenous

Question 14

Is it Settler or Indigenous spiritual traditions assert that all people are an integral part of the universe and are fulfilling a purpose

Answer 14

Indigenous

Question 15

Among First Peoples, it has been said that the highest form of respect for another person is respecting his or her natural right to WHAT

Answer 15

be self-determining

Question 16

In terms of indirect interference – is it among Settler or Indigenous peoples, where a subtle form of persuasion appears to be preferred over direct interference

Answer 16

Indigenous

Question 17

-Humour
-Subtle request-making
-Use of third-party intermediaries (people will send their kids or brother over to ask the friend something so if the friend said no their relationship is still good and preserved )
-Stories and storytelling (story of a brother setting his fishing nets a certain way)

All have what in common?

Answer 17

They are indirect coercion practices

Question 18

T/F - Indigenous peoples do not ‘forbid’ interference. They value relationships that are caring and respectful

Answer 18

true

Question 19

Holistic Approach includes (fix the mistakes):
-Ideas of health come from a WHAT approach
-The WHAT Aspects of a Person
-Interdependency of Individuals, Families, and -Communities
-Interconnectedness of All WHAT
-Healing

Answer 19

holistic, Four , Creation

Question 20

According to an Indigenous holistic approach, each person is made up of four aspects, what are they?

Answer 20

Physical
Spiritual
Emotional
Psychological / cognitive / intellectual

In terms of the four aspects of a person, the Medicine Wheel teaches us that the ideal state of well-being is to be balanced in all of these areas

Each of the 4 aspects impact each other and are interconnected (harming one harms the others)

Question 21

T/F - Holistic Approach - Sweat Lodge addresses the four aspects of the person:

Spiritual (prays and sings for spirits to come into the lodge)
Physical (sweating)
Emotional (releasing feelings)
Psychological (listens to teachings)

Answer 21

true

Question 22

Indigenous perspectives actualize healing through its devotion to the principle of WHAT

Answer 22

holism

Question 23

T/F Healing pursued through personal goal for harmony and balance

Answer 23

true

Illness and problems are viewed as disconnections, imbalances, and disharmonies

Healing is developing centredness

Question 24

T/F - the Medicine Wheel, is used in teaching and healing processes (keeps all aspects of the person in mind).

Answer 24

true

Question 25

T/F - From a Mi’kmaq perspective, the Medicine Wheel has seven directions rather than four. It includes east, south, west, and north, as well as:

-Up, which is to honour the direction of the Creator, the sky, Grandfather Sun, and Grandmother Moon;

-Down, which is the direction of Mother Earth

-Inward, which is a recognition of the self and the spirit that exists within each of us.

Answer 25

true

Question 26

WHAT is the primary form of oppression because it affects Aboriginals’ consciousness, self-worth, self- identity, community identity, and cultural identity

Answer 26

Colonization

Question 27

With holistic helpers they should practice WHAT and not judgement and need to recognize that they are not experts in the healing process

Answer 27

Humility

Question 28

With holistic helpers they should speak from the heart, what does that mean

Answer 28

be genuine (no one can dispute that because it’s your beliefs)

European folks tend to speak from the head

Question 29

T/F - Sharing the most natural way of developing human relations

Answer 29

true

Sharing tied to equality and democracy in that everyone is considered as valuable as any other person and is treated accordingly

Sharing reduces such conditions as greed, envy, and arrogance that may cause conflict within the group

Question 30

For Indigenous peoples, family can include a WHAT, some of whom may be biologically related and other who are not

Answer 30

wide group of people

Family caregivers included mothers, fathers, siblings, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins

Question 31

T/F - Indigenous Peoples have always had family adoptions within their societies. This not only occurred with children, but also took place in order to replace relationships that were severed through death

Answer 31

True

In Indigenous traditions, this concept of replacing relationships is an expression of the value of interconnectedness

Having the freedom to choose some family members for ourselves can be both a source of support and healing.

Question 32

T/F - Indigenous approaches to helping emerge holistically from deep-seated beliefs of the interconnectedness of all life forms

Answer 32

true

“We are all related” is a core teaching of many Indigenous Peoples

Question 33

T/F - The interconnectedness of all creation means that everyone is only dependent upon other people and the environment

Answer 33

no, also connected with other people and the environment

From a holistic and Indigenous perspective, rocks have a spirit

Question 34

T/F - Many Indigenous worldviews see the world as stable?

Answer 34

false - in a constant state of flux

The impermanent aspect of connectedness is appreciated and celebrated

Question 35

T/F - Belief that change is a part of connectedness

Answer 35

true

Question 36

T/F - Indigenous worldviews inherently include an epistemology that has ethical and moral dimensions

Answer 36

true

Question 37

T/F - within Anishnawbe teachings, these values are called “the Seven Grandfathers” or the “Seven Sacred Teachings:

-To cherish knowledge is to know WISDOM.
-To know LOVE is to know peace.
-To honour all of Creation is to have RESPECT.
-BRAVERY is to face the foe with integrity.
-HONESTY in facing a situation is to be brave.
-HUMILITY is to know yourself as a sacred part of Creation.
-TRUTH is to know all of these things.

*The Seven Sacred Teachings are about ethics.

Answer 37

true

Question 38

T/F - Indigenous in Canada have highest rate of alcohol abstinence but they still get pegged as the problem drinkers, no race processes alcohol differently (you can’t use “biology” to sidestep the pain of colonization i.e. lost their lands, language, culture, and kids)

Answer 38

true