11a – Teeth in General I

Question 1

Teeth used for:

Answer 1

-intake, cutting and chewing of food
-grooming
-aggression
-holding objects

Question 2

Loss of teeth is the main reason for:

Answer 2

-starvation and dying of old animals in the WILD

Question 3

What kind of teeth has been in interest for longer in history?

Answer 3

-HORSE
>compared to small animals

Question 4

Vet dentistry constitutes how much of small animal practice?

Answer 4

-more than 15%
>continues to grow
*preventative tooth care is becoming common

Question 5

Crown:

Answer 5

-part encased in ENAMEL

Question 6

Enamel is very:

Answer 6

-resilient
-shiny
-wavy

Question 7

Enamel structure:

Answer 7

-densely calcified
-96% inorganic
-HARDEST substance in body
-acellular=limited reparability

Question 8

Root

Answer 8

-part encased in cement

Question 9

Cement is:

Answer 9

-softer
-less shiny
-YELLOWISH

Question 10

Cement (cementum) structure:

Answer 10

-similar in hardness to bone
-50% inorganic
-covers tooth root
-thickness INCREASES over age
-resistant to pressure erosion
-root apex part is weakest part

Question 11

Neck:

Answer 11

-where crown and root meet
-ideally covered by GUM

Question 12

Clinical crown:

Answer 12

-EXPOSED part regardless of its structure

Question 13

Anatomical crown:

Answer 13

-enamel-covered part regardless of its location

Question 14

In herbivores: reserve crown

Answer 14

-enamel-covered part that continues to erupt as the exposed part wears out

Question 15

Dentin structure:

Answer 15

=ivory
-calcified
-70% inorganic
-2nd hardest material in body
-rich in COLLAGEN
-forms bulk of tooth

Question 16

Dentin is made by:

Answer 16

-odontoblasts

Question 17

Odontoblasts:

Answer 17

-line pulp cavity
-slowly over age, lay secondary dentin
-after damage=lay darker tertiary dentin

Question 18

Pulp:

Answer 18

-loose connective tissue
-blood vessels
-NERVES

Question 19

Dental (pulp) cavity:

Answer 19

-space within a tooth containing pulp

Question 20

Apical foramina:

Answer 20

-apical opening of dental cavity
-passage of vessels, nerve, and LYMPH
-usually multiple in animals (single in HUMAN)

Question 21

Tooth socket:

Answer 21

=alveolus
-where tooth implanted in margin of jaw/alveolar process

Question 22

Lamina dura:

Answer 22

-a lamina of COMPACT bone lining tooth socket
-perforated (cribriform) for vessels and nerves

Question 23

lamina dura in X-rays:

Answer 23

-seen as a WHITE line

Question 24

Periodontal ligament (PDL):

Answer 24

=Sharpey’s FIBERS
-tough fibro-collagen fibers
-3 types

Question 25

3 types of PDL fibers:

Answer 25

1. Gingival
2. Trans-septal
3. Alveolodental

Question 26

Gingival PDL fibers:

Answer 26

-anchor cement to gum

Question 27

Trans-septal PDL fibers:

Answer 27

-attach NEIGHBORING teeth

Question 28

Alveolodental PDL fibers:

Answer 28

-fasten tooth to socket

Question 29

Gingiva (gum) characteristics:

Answer 29

-keratinized
-tough
-COLLAGEN rich
-protective

Question 30

Types of gingiva:

Answer 30

-interdental
-free
-attached

Question 31

Interdental gigiva/papilla:

Answer 31

-gingival peak between adjacent teeth

Question 32

Free gingiva:

Answer 32

-forms gingival margin
-surrounds part of CROWN

Question 33

Attached gingiva:

Answer 33

-tightly adherent to subgingival connective tissue and BONE

Question 34

Other parts of gingiva (gum):

Answer 34

-mucogingival JUNCTION (MGJ)
-gingival sulcus
-junctional epithelium (JE)
-cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)

Question 35

Gingival sulcus location:

Answer 35

-between tooth and free gingival margin
-crevice that surrounds tooth

Question 36

Gingival sulcus role:

Answer 36

-rich in immunity elements

Question 37

Normal depth of gingival sulcus in cats:

Answer 37

-0.5-1mm

Question 38

Normal depth of gingival sulcus in dogs:

Answer 38

-1-3mm

Question 39

Junctional epithelium (JE):

Answer 39

-at bottom of sulcus
-protects PDL

Question 40

Cemento-enamel junction (CEJ):

Answer 40

-junction between anatomical crown and root

Question 41

Heterodonty:

Answer 41

-in mammals
-teeth in different parts of mouth, have different form and function
>unlike most other vertebrates

Question 42

Types of teeth in heterodonty:

Answer 42

-incisors
-canine
-premolars
-molars

Question 43

Incisor teeth:

Answer 43

-for cutting food, nibbling, grooming
-n=max 3 (each side of jaw)

Question 44

Canine teeth:

Answer 44

-for aggression and holding
-in carnivores=well developed
-n=1

Question 45

Canine teeth in dog:

Answer 45

-cradle for tongue

Question 46

Premolar teeth:

Answer 46

-holding, carrying and breaking food
-n=max 4

Question 47

Molar teeth:

Answer 47

-crushing and grinding food
-flat occlusal tables
-n=max 3
*absent in milk set of teeth

Question 48

Cheek teeth:

Answer 48

-premolars + molars
>better developed in herbivores