11b – Teeth in General I

Question 1

Diphyodonty:

Answer 1

-teeth in mammals grow in 2 successions
>unlike most other vertebrates

Question 2

2 successions of teeth in diphyodonty:

Answer 2

1. Deciduous (milk, PRIMARY, temporary) teeth
2. Permanent (adult, secondary) teeth

Question 3

Deciduous teeth:

Answer 3

-smaller
-sharper
-weaker
-replaced later
-lack MOLAR teeth

Question 4

Dental formula:

Answer 4

-dentition
>standard #, type and arrangement of teeth
*set in each species

Question 5

Dental formula is written:

Answer 5

-for one side of upper and one side of lower jaw
-written as a fraction or in separate rows
-lower case for milk teeth (i, c, p)
-upper case for adult teeth (I, C, P, M)
-superscript # for upper teeth
-subscript # for lower teeth

Question 6

Modified Triadan system:

Answer 6

-STANDARD method of numbering teeth in vet dentistry
-each tooth given a UNIQUE 3-digit #
*first digit denotes its general location in jaw
>mouth is divided into 4 quadrants

Question 7

Quadrants ‘order’ for Triadan system:

Answer 7

-right vs. left from ANIMAL’S perspective
-from upper right to upper left, to lower left to lower right (‘clockwise’)

Question 8

Quadrants 1-4 for:

Answer 8

-PERMANENT teeth

Question 9

Quadrants 5-8 for:

Answer 9

-deciduous teeth

Question 10

Last 2 digits of modified Triadan system:

Answer 10

-denote tooth # in quadrant, starting from midline
*if tooth is missing in species/individual, skip its #

Question 11

Example: right upper 1st permanent incisor tooth #:

Answer 11

-101
-same but deciduous: 501

Question 12

Example: left upper deciduous canine:

Answer 12

-604

Question 13

Example: right lower 1st (permanent) MOLAR:

Answer 13

-409

Question 14

In domestic animals with less permanent teeth:

Answer 14

-premolars are lost starting from FRONT
-molars are lost starting from back

Question 15

Teeth follow a:

Answer 15

-CURVED line of arcade
*orientation of successive teeth alters
>use different terms

Question 16

Vestibular or FACIAL surface:

Answer 16

-labial surface
-buccal surface

Question 17

Labial surface:

Answer 17

-towards lips

Question 18

Buccal surface:

Answer 18

-towards the cheek

Question 19

Lingual or palatine surface:

Answer 19

-‘inside’ surface

Question 20

Contact surface:

Answer 20

-mesial surface
-distal surface

Question 21

Occlusal surface

Answer 21

-masticatory
>larger on molars compared to incisors (incisal)

Question 22

Dentition in dog:

Answer 22

-last upper molar is missing
-little overlap between upper and lower jaws, except molars

Question 23

Upper jaw in dog:

Answer 23

-wider and pear shape

Question 24

Lower jaw in dog:

Answer 24

-narrow and triangular

Question 25

Dental carriers in dogs:

Answer 25

-tooth ‘decay’
-less common (~7%)
*if present, usually at occlusal of molars

Question 26

Upper incisors in dog:

Answer 26

-trifid
>don’t necessarily fit with lower incisors

Question 27

Lower incisors in dog:

Answer 27

-bifid
>don’t necessarily fit with upper incisors

Question 28

Large canine tooth in dog:

Answer 28

-very large root
-difficult to extract

Question 29

Premolars in dog:

Answer 29

-IRREGULAR
-increase in size to back
-when jaws close=form a serrated cutting edge

Question 30

Sectorial or carnassial teeth=

Answer 30

-upper P4 and lower M1
*act like scissors

Question 31

Molars in dog:

Answer 31

-broader
-decrease in size to back
-can cut and crush
>masticatory force at hard biting=30,000 to 80,000 psi

Question 32

Why are tooth root numbers important?

Answer 32

-for extractions
>multiple roots DIVERGE
>need to cut teeth per root number

Question 33

Permanent teeth in dog: incisors and canine root number

Answer 33

-1

Question 34

Permanent teeth in dog: upper premolars and molars root numbers:

Answer 34

-P1: 1
-P2 and P3: 2
-P4, M1, M2: 3

Question 35

Permanent teeth in dog: lower premolars and molars root numbers

Answer 35

-P1 and M3: 1
-P2-M2: 2

Question 36

When there are 3 roots present:

Answer 36

-2 are vestibular
-1 is lingual