1.2 The digestive system

Question 1

The digestive system

Answer 1

• Consist of the intestinal tract (consists largely of a long piece of tubing from the mouth to the anus).
• Where nutrients from the food are absorbed into the bloodstream.
• Some foodstuffs can pass the wall of the intestines ➝ Glucose, minerals, water and vitamins.
• Some foodstuffs cannot ➝ Proteins, carbohydrates, fats.

Question 2

Digestion

Answer 2

Lager nutrient molecules are broken into smaller digestion products ➝ can pass throught the intestinal wall ➝ absorbed into bloodstream.

Question 3

2 steps for digestion

Answer 3

1. Breaking the food up into smaller pieces by chewing. 2. converting the nutrients using digestive juices.

Question 4

3 types of teeth

Answer 4

incisors-canines-molars

Question 4

incisor/canine

Answer 4

used for cutting down food, canines are more pointed

Question 5

molars

Answer 5

Knobbly top surface ➝ Grind the food up.

Question 6

chewing

Answer 6

Break up the food into smalles pieces ➝ making the surface area larger. ➝ Mechanical digestion.

Question 7

digestive juices

Answer 7

are made by digestive glands, the digestive juices contain enzymes.

Question 8

5 digestive glands

Answer 8

• The salivary glands
• The gastric glands
• The liver
• The pancreas
• The intestinal glands

Question 9

digestive juices function

Answer 9

Make sure the substances in your food are broken down into smaller substances.

Question 10

chemical digestion

Answer 10

Substances are converted (omgezet) into other substances.

Question 11

Enzymes

Answer 11

Substances that speed up chemical reactions. The enzymes in digestive juices help break down the substances in your food. The food area increased by chewing ➝ More area for enzymes to do their work.

Question 12

Circular muscles/longitudinal muscles

Answer 12

Contract and relax alternately, pushing the food through the intestines. ➝ peristaltic movements - peristalsis.