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PMP 101- Health, Disease and Patient > Lecture 1 - Introduction To Cells > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - Introduction To Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

List 4 examples of Unicellular Organisms

A
  • All bacteria
  • Protozoa
  • Unicellular Algae
  • Unicellular Fungi (yeast)
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2
Q

List 4 Examples of Multicellular Organisms

A
  • Parasites
  • Plants
  • Animals
  • Multicellular Fungi (mold)
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3
Q

How do Cells vary

A
  • Size
  • Shape
  • Functions
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4
Q

What are the 4 Characteristics making Red Blood Cells (RBC) Unique

A
  • Biconcave shape
  • No Nucleus
  • Contain Haemoglobin
  • Small and Flexible
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5
Q

What is the main function of Nerve cells (neurons)

A

To transport electrical impulses to other nerve cells.

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6
Q

What 4 Characteristics make Nerve cells unique

A
  • Thin and long cells
  • Branched at their ends
  • Different sub-cellular parts
  • Release Neurotransmitter signals
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7
Q

What 5 Characteristics make Spermatozoa unique

A
  • Flagellum (tail) - helps with motility
  • Power provided by several mitochondria
  • Small and thin aiding their movement
  • Lack organelles
  • release enzyme from their head (Acrosome)
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8
Q

What 4 Structures are common with all types of cells

A
  • plasma membrane
  • Cytosol
  • ribosomes
  • DNA Molecules
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9
Q

What are the 4 Major Macromolecules

A
  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Lipids
  • Nucleic Acids
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10
Q

What are Macromolecules

A

Polymers made by specific repeating molecular units (monomers)

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11
Q

What is Anabolism

A

When Cells link monomers together to form a polymer through polymerisation

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12
Q

What is Catabolism

A

The breakdown of polymers into smaller molecules by hydrolysis

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13
Q

What is Catabolism

A

The breakdown of polymers into smaller molecules by hydrolysis

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14
Q

What makes a Cell Prokaryotic

A
  • no nucleus
  • no organelles
  • simple internal organisation
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15
Q

What makes a cell Eukaryotic

A
  • Has a nucleus
  • Has organelles
  • complex organisation
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16
Q

What 2 domains do prokaryotes divide into

A

Bacteria / Eubacteria
Archaea

17
Q

What makes Archaea unique

A

grows at extreme environmental conditions (pH, Temp, Salt concentrations)

18
Q

What are the functions of the Plasma Membrane?

A

controls the movement of molecules across the cells
protects the internal composition

19
Q

What are Fimbriae

A
  • Short hairlike appendages that aid the cell to stick to a surface
  • control twitching motility
20
Q

What are Flagellum

A

Whip-like structures that control locomotion and act as a sensory structure

PMP 101- Health, Disease and Patient (14 decks)

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