L5 Stress-related disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Acute physiological stress activates…

A

(i) the sympatho-adrenal medullary (SAM) system
(ii) the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis

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2
Q

CRH is produced by

A

PVN of hypothalamus

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3
Q

What happens when CRH binds its receptors?

A

stimulation of cAMP pathway, ACTH release

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4
Q

How does cortisol exert its effects?

A

by binding to glucocorticoid receptors

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5
Q

How is the HPA axis regulated?

A
  • negative feedback
  • diurnal rhythm
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6
Q

What are the consequences of stress?

A

Acute = adaptation
Chronic = maladaptation –> disorders

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7
Q

Behavioural models of anxiety

A

EPM and light/dark

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8
Q

Behavioural models of depression

A

social interaction and FST

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9
Q

Behavioural model of learning and memory impairment

A

RAWM

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10
Q

Two types of chronic psychosocial stress measured using animal models

A
  • chronic unpredictable variable stress (decreased sucrose preference, increased immobility in FST)
  • social defeat stress (increased immobility, decreased social interaction, decreased sucrose preference)
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11
Q

Model of single prolonged stress

A

PTSD - inescapable shock, predator stress, single prolonged stress, chronic restraint

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12
Q

Effect of PTSD on HPA output

A

reduced HPA output

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13
Q

Effect of major depression or chronic stress on HPA output

A

increased HPA output

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14
Q

Model of early-life stress-induced pain

A

Maternal separation

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15
Q

Effect of PTSD on HPA axis

A

HPA axis hypoactivation
- blunted response to CRH
- reduced ACTH output
- low circulating cortisol
- GR hypersensitivity
- altered negative feedback loop

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16
Q

What does stress do to synapses?

A

induces synaptic atrophy