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NUR 215: Mental Health > anxiety > Flashcards

anxiety Flashcards

1
Q

anxiety

A

vague feeling of dread or apprehension that is different than fear

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2
Q

fear

A

feeling afraid or threatened by identifiable stimulus representing danger

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3
Q

stress

A

wear and tear of life on the body

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4
Q

general adaptation syndrome

A

physiologic aspects of stress

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5
Q

alarm reaction stage

A

preparation for defense

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6
Q

resistance stage

A

blood shunted to areas needed for defense

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7
Q

exhaustion stage

A

stores depleted; emotional components unresolved

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8
Q

positive anxiety reactions

A

guided imagery
relaxation and refocusing
deep breathing

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9
Q

negative (maladaptive)

A

tension headaches
pain syndromes

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10
Q

mild level of anxiety

A

special attention; increased sensory stimulation, motivation

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11
Q

moderate level of anxiety

A

something definitely wrong; nervousness/agitation; difficulty concentrating; able to be redirected

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12
Q

severe level of anxiety

A

trouble thinking and reasoning; tightening muscles; increased vital signs; restless, irritable, angry

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13
Q

panic level of anxiety

A

fight, flight, or freeze response; increased vital signs; dilated pupils, cognitive processes focusing on defense

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14
Q

working with an anxious patients tips

A

self-awareness of anxiety level, help the client label emotions and identify anxiety, assessment of persons anxiety level, low, calm, soothing voice, careful use of touch

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15
Q

interventions for mild and moderate anxiety

A

encourage problem solving with client
help the client identify thoughts/feelings preceding the anxiety
assist in developing alternate solutions to the problems
provide positive outlets for dissipating excess energy

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16
Q

interventions for severe anxiety and panic

A

use of short, simple, easy to understand sentences and low pitched voice, remain with the person, lower persons anxiety level to moderate or mild before preceding, safety during panic level, short term use of anxiolytics

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17
Q

altruism

A

emotional conflicts and stressors are addressed by meeting the needs of others

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18
Q

sublimation

A

substituting constructive and socially acceptable activities for unacceptable strong impulses

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19
Q

humor

A

emphasizing amusing or ironic aspects of the stressor

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20
Q

suppression

A

conscious denial of a disturbing situation/feeling

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21
Q

types of anxiety disorders

A

agoraphobia, panic disorder, specific phobia, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

22
Q

biologic theories of anxiety disorders

A

genetics
neurochemical theories

23
Q

psychodynamic theories of anxiety disorders

A

intrapsychic/psychoanalytic theories (freud and defense mechanisms)
interpersonal theories (sullivan, peplau)
behavioral theory

24
Q

generalized anxiety disorder

A

excessive worrying and anxiety at least 50% of the time that lasts for 6 months or more; unable to control the worrying and anxiety

25
Q

symptoms of GAD; how many sx are needed for dx

A

uneasiness, irritability, muscle tension, fatigue, sleep alterations, difficulty thinking

26
Q

tx for GAD

A

combination of medication and therapy; meditation and mindfulness training

27
Q

types of CBT used for tx GAD

A

positive reframing, decatastrophizing, assertiveness training

28
Q

types of medication used for tx of GAD

A

anxiolytics and antidepressants

29
Q

positive reframing

A

turning negative messages into positive ones

30
Q

decatastrophizing

A

making more realistic appraisal of situation

31
Q

assertiveness training

A

learning to negotiate interpersonal situations

32
Q

use of anti anxiety drugs

A

anxiety, anxiety disorders, insomnia, OCD, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol withdrawal

33
Q

mechanism of action of anti-anxiety

A

mediation of GABA (benzos)
partial agonist activity at serotonin receptors (buspar)

34
Q

examples of benzos

A

diazepam, alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam, clonazepam, oxazepam

35
Q

fast onset benzos

A

diazepam

36
Q

intermediate onset benzos

A

alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam

37
Q

slow onset benzos

A

clonazepam, oxazepam

38
Q

longest duration benzos

A

diazepam (20-100), clonazepam (18-50)

39
Q

middle duration benzos

A

lorazepam(10-20hr), alprazolam (6-12hr)

40
Q

short duration benzos

A

chlordiazepoxide (5-15hr) oxazepam (4-15hr )

41
Q

benzodiazepine side effects

A

physical, psychological dependence, CNS depression, hangover effect, tolerance

42
Q

buspirone side effects

A

dizziness, sedation, nausea, headache

43
Q

anti-anxiety drug patient teaching topics

A

safety measures, avoidance of alcohol and caffeine, avoidance of abrupt discontinuation, drug may lose its effectiveness over time, do not take with antacids (buspar)

44
Q

gerontological considerations for anxiety

A

often associated with another condition, such as depression, dementia, physical illness or medication toxicity or withdrawal

phobias (GAD most common)

45
Q

treatment of choice for anxiety in geriatrics

A

SSRIs

46
Q

panic disorder

A

discrete episodes of panic; no stimulus for panic response; peaks in late adolescence to mid-30s

47
Q

treatment for panic disorder

A

cognitive behavioral techniques, deep breathing and relaxation, benzos, SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, antihypertensives (clonidine, propranolol)

48
Q

phobias

A

intense illogical persistent fear out of proportion to the situation or circumstance

49
Q

categories of phobias

A

agoraphobia, specific phobias, social phobia (social anxiety disorder)

50
Q

agoraphobia

A

extreme fear of crowded places

51
Q

treatment for phobias

A

behavioral therapy; positive reframing, assertiveness training, systematic desensitization, flooding

medications

NUR 215: Mental Health (11 decks)

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