organic chem - reagents and conditions Flashcards

1
Q

R-X –> R-OH

A

NaOH(aq), heat

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2
Q

R-X –> C=C

A

ethanolic NaOH(aq), heat

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3
Q

R-X –> RCN

A

ethanolic KCN, heat

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4
Q

R-OH –> RCN

A

HCN, trace amount of NaCN, cold

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5
Q

RCN –> RCOOH

A

H2SO4(aq), heat

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6
Q

RCN –> RCOO-

A

NaOH(aq), heat

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7
Q

RCN –> RNH2

A

LiAlH4 in dry ether
[reduction]

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8
Q

C-C –> RX

A

X2, u.v, heat
[FRS]

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9
Q

C=C –> C-C

A

H2(g), Ni(s), heat
[reduction]

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10
Q

C=C –> ROH

A

cold conc H2SO4, H2O, warm

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11
Q

R-OH –> C=C

A

conc H2SO4, heat

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12
Q

C=C –> RX

A

HX or X2(g)

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13
Q

NO2 –> NH2

A

Sn, conc HCl, NaOH(aq)

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14
Q

C=C –> X-X

A

X2 in CCl4, dark, rtp

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15
Q

nitration [benzene ring]
HNO3 + 2H2SO4 ⇌ NO2+ + 2H2SO4- + H3O+

A

conc HNO3, conc H2SO4, 55°

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16
Q

halogenation [benzene ring]

A

Fe/AlX3, X2

17
Q

alkylation [benzene ring]

A

Fe/AlX3, RX

18
Q

cleavage of O-H of phenol

A
  • redox (Na)
  • acid-base reaction (NaOH)
19
Q

LiAlH4

A

COOH, ketone, aldehyde, CN,

20
Q

NaBH4

A

aldehyde, ketone ONLY

21
Q

H2, Ni, heat

A

aldehyde, ketone, C=C

22
Q

RX –> RNH2

A

excess conc NH3, heat in sealed tube

23
Q

iodoform

A

I2(aq), NaOH(aq), heat

24
Q

1° alcohol –> RCOH

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, heat w immediate distill