MASS WASTING Flashcards

1
Q

Part of the regolith that supports the growth of plants

A

Soil

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2
Q

Is the layer of rock and mineral fragments that covers most of Earth’s land surface

A

Regolith

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3
Q

5 Major Components of Soil

A

Mineral Matter
Broken-Down Rock
Humus
Water
Air

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4
Q

Is the downslope movement of rock, regolith, and soil under the direct influence of gravity

A

Mass Wasting

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5
Q

Act as the main immediate agent in mass movement

A

Gravity

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6
Q

Is a common term used by many people to describe sudden event in which large quantities of rock and soil plunge down steep slopes

A

Landslide

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7
Q

This term encompasses all downslope movement whether it be bedrock, regolith, or a mixture of these

A

Landslide

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8
Q

Controlling Factors of Mass Wasting

A

Slope Angle
Role of Water
Presence of Clay
Weak Material and Structures

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9
Q

All forces resisting movement
downslope can be grouped under
the term _____

A

shear strength

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10
Q

When does downslope movement occur

A

when shear stress > shear strength

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11
Q

contain a high proportion of smectite or montmorillonite which expand and settle when wet and shrink when they dry out.

A

Expansive and hydrocompacting soils

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12
Q

clays in some soils rearrange themselves
after dissolution of salts in the pore spaces. Clay minerals line up
with one another and the pore space is reduced.

A

Sensitive soil

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13
Q

water-saturated clays that spontaneously liquefy when disturbed

A

Quick Clay

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14
Q

Examples of Weak Material And Structures

A

bedding planes,
weak layers,
joints and fractures,
foliation planes

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15
Q

Mass Wasting Process

A

Slope Failures
Sediment Flow

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16
Q

type of slide wherein downward rotation of rock or regolith occurs along a curved surface.

A

Slump