12.2The Eye

Question 1

Sclera

Answer 1

Though, white, fibrous protective layer.

Question 2

Cornea

Answer 2

Transparent part of the sclera, where light enters. Refracts light rays

Question 3

Choroid

Answer 3

Layer with blood vessels supplying cells of the eye.

Question 4

Iris

Answer 4

Coloured part of the eye, controls size of pupils by constricting/dilating.

Question 5

Pupil

Answer 5

Opening for light to enter

Question 6

Lens

Answer 6

Refracts light to focus image

Question 7

Ciliary muscles

Answer 7

Contract/relax to change shape of lens to change focal distance

Question 8

Retina

Answer 8

Internal layer of the eye, contains photoreceptors (rods and cones) translated light into nerve impulse

Question 9

Rods and cones

Answer 9

Rods:black and white / night vision
Cones:colour vision, fine details
Both: detect light, send signal out of the eye through optic nerve

Question 10

Fovea centralis

Answer 10

On retina, with high concentration of cones, acute details

Question 11

Agueous and vitreous humor

Answer 11

Maintain eye shape ➡️ also provides nutrients to some cells and refract light

Question 12

Accommodation (far and near)

Answer 12

Far objects: lens flattens
Near objects: lens rounds

Question 13

Photoreceptors line

Answer 13

Signal-> photoreceptors-> optic nerve -> thalamus -> occipital lobe

Question 14

Blind spot

Answer 14

Where optic nerve connects to the retina, no photoreceptors