Exam 3 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a genome?
a) The complete complement of an organism’s genes
b) A specific set of polypeptides within each cell
c) Specialized polymer of four different kinds of monomers
d) A specific segment of DNA that’s found within a prokaryotic chromosome
e) An ordered display of chromosomes arranged from largest to smallest

A

a) The complete complement of an organism’s genes

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2
Q

Meiosis can occur…
a) In all organisms
b) Only in diploid organisms
c) Only in multicellular organisms
d) Only in haploid organisms
e) Only in unicellular organisms

A

b) Only in diploid organisms

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3
Q

The following graph shows changing DNA content in a eukaryotic cell during meiosis. Which of the following stages represent haploid cells?
a) Z
b) Y
c) X
d) W and Y
e) Y and Z

A

e) Y and Z

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4
Q

When the two haploid gametes contain two different alleles of a given gene, the resulting offspring is called…
a) discrete
b) haploid
c) heterozygous
d) homozygous
e) a fused allele

A

c) heterozygous

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5
Q

If you cross a centaur with a mermaid what is the probability that the offspring would be human?
a) 0%
b) 10%
c) 25%
d) 50%
e) 100%

A

c) 25%

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6
Q

What event during meiosis, is responsible for Mendel’s law of segregation?
a) Crossing over
b) Synapsis
c) Cytokinesis
d) Reduction of chromosomes number by half
e) Nondysfunction

A

d) Reduction of chromosomes number by half

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7
Q

What would be the phenotype ratio if the characters Mendel followed in dihybrid cross were on the same chromosome?
a) 9:3:3:1
b) 3:1

A

b) 3:1

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8
Q

How many different types of gametes can be formed by plants with a genotype PpYYrrTt?
a) 16
b) 12
c) 8
d) 4
e) 2

A

d) 4

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9
Q

Genes that are inherited together are said to be…
a) Homozygous
b) Heterozygous
c) Epistatic
d) Polyzygous
e) Linked

A

e) Linked

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10
Q

In tigers, a recessive allele causes an absence of fur pigmentation (white tiger) and crossed eyes. If two phenotypically normal tigers that are heterozygous at the locus are mated, what percentage of cross-eyed tigers will be white?
a) 0%
b) 10%
c) 25%
d) 50%
e) 100%

A

e) 100%

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11
Q

In a mating experiment using drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies)a cross was made between homozygous wild-type (grey) females and mutant (yellow) males. All of the resulting F1 offspring were grey. however when F1 offspring were mated with each the F2 gen had the characteristics shown below
-Is the mutant allele for yellow body color?
-Is the gene for body color autosomal in X-linked?

a) Recessive, X-linked
b) Recessive, autosomal
c) Dominant, x linked
d) Dominant, autosomal
e) None

A

a) Recessive, X-linked

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12
Q

The frequency of Down syndrome in the human population is most closely correlated with which of the following?
a) Frequency of new meiosis
b) Average of the ages or mother and father
c) Age of the mother
d) Age of father
e) Exposure if pregnant women to environmental pollutants

A

c) Age of the mother

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13
Q

If DNA is made up of 12% adenine, what is the percentage of guanine
a) 12
b) 24
c) 38
d) 48
e) 76

A

c) 38

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14
Q

A pet shop owner gets a shipment of salamanders that are brown with little gold spots. When he breed them, 25% of the F1 offspring are solid brown, 50% are brown with gold spots, and 25%are solid gold. If he wants to produce ONLY gold-spotted babies for his customers, what should he do?
a) Breed two brown salamanders together
b) Breed two gold spots salamanders
c) Breed a gold spotted salamander to a solid gold salamander
d) Breed brown salamander to gold salamander
e) Breed two gold salamanders together

A

d) Breed brown salamander to gold salamander

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15
Q

WOTF enzymes would catalyze the formation of the bond between monomer diagram…

A

RNA polymerase

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16
Q

An actively dividing bacterial culture is grown in a medium containing radioactive adenine After all the adenine us labeled. The bacteria are transferred to a medium containing non radioactive adenine. Following one round of DNA replication in the non radioactive medium, the DNA is analyzed. WOTF sequences could represent DNA?
a) AATTGA TCTTAAC TAG
b) A
ATTGA* TCTTAACTAG
c) AATTGATCTTAACTAG
d) AATTGATCTTAACTAG

A

a) AATTGA *TCTTAAC TAG

17
Q

What is the link between the gene and phenotype?

A

Protein

18
Q

The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify the amino and isoleucine. What feature of the genetic code explains this?
a) complementary
b) nonsense codons
c) degeneracy/redundancy
d) ambiguity
e) universality

A

c) degeneracy/redundancy

19
Q

Which is a mutation?
a) picture of a blue lobster
b) picture of a two headed turtle

A

a) picture of a blue lobster

20
Q

A man who carries a harmful sex-linked gene will pass the gene onto…

A

All of his daughters

21
Q

In which cells might you expect to find the highest amount of telomerase?

A

Germ cells

22
Q

WOTF does the enzyme primer synthesize?

A

RNA primer

23
Q

In a nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped around…

A

Histones

24
Q

A gene is most accurately describes a…

A

a specific sequence of DNA nucleotides

25
Q

Creates a short RNA primer complementary to DNA template

A

DNA primer

26
Q

Which represents the central dogma?
a) protein—> RNA —> DNA
b) RNA—> DNA—> protein
c) DNA—> RNA—> protein
d) RNA—> protein—> DNA

A

c) DNA—> RNA—> protein