13: CNS diseases

Question 1

Why are reflexes exaggerated with higher lesions?

Answer 1

Remove descending inhibition

Question 2

Where is localisation for dog-sitting lesion?

Answer 2

Thoracolumbar

Question 3

What is usual cause of blood in CSF sample?

Answer 3

Iatrogenic

Question 4

What is Froin syndrome?

Answer 4

Increased protein due to blockage cranially

Question 5

Signs of brainstem injury?

Answer 5

Depends on which nuclei affected, but damage to locus coeruleus gives dullness and damage to pyramidal system gives ipsilateral weakness and contralateral extensor thrust

Question 6

Signs of midbrain damage?

Answer 6

Depression, coma, opisthotonus, ventrolateral strabismus, loss of PLR, intact vision

Question 7

Signs of hypothalamus damage?

Answer 7

Blindness and loss of accomodation, hyperaesthesia, aggression, disorientation, changes to appetite and thermoregulation

Question 8

Signs of cerebellar damage?

Answer 8

Loss of fine motor control, tremor, ataxia, loss of menace

Question 9

Signs of cerebral damage?

Answer 9

Dullness, depression, hyperaesthesia, opisthotonus, blindness (intact PLR), compulsive walking and circling, contralateral proprioceptive defects