Chapter 8 - Biological Perspective Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Trait Approach?

A

An approach to studying personality that focuses on identifying and measuring personality dispositions or traits.

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2
Q

Who is Gordon Allport?

A

A prominent trait theorist who believed that each person has a unique set of personality traits that influences their behavior.

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3
Q

What is factor analysis?

A

A statistical technique used to identify the underlying dimensions of a set of variables.

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4
Q

What is the continuum of behavior?

A

Each dimension of a trait reflects a range of behaviors or attitudes, from low to high.

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of introversion?

A

Retiring, reserved, likes solitary activities, does not attend parties.

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of extraversion?

A

Outgoing and talkative, wants many friends, enjoys parties, dislikes solitary activities, dominates social situations.

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7
Q

What is Eysenck’s Extraversion Stability Model?

A

A model proposed by Hans Eysenck that posits that there are only three dimensions of personality needed: extraversion/introversion, neuroticism (instability)/stability, and psychoticism/socialized (self-control).

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8
Q

What is the Five Factor Model (Big Five)?

A

A model that identifies five broad dimensions of personality: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

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9
Q

What is the evidence for the biological perspective of personality?

A

Extraversion vs. introversion, neuroticism-stability, difference in autonomic nervous system arousal, novelty seeking, impulsivity, dopamine, and serotonin.

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10
Q

What are the pros of the trait approach?

A

It is focused on identifying and measuring personality dispositions or traits.

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11
Q

What are the cons of the trait approach?

A

It cannot explain the underlying psychological mechanisms that give rise to personality traits.

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