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Medicine I > PE MSK > Flashcards

PE MSK Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 patterns of involvement?

A

Migratory = pain transferred to another location
Additive = increase in locations of pain with original joint involved is still affected

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2
Q

What is involved in the 5 min MSK exam?

A

GALS
Gait
Arms
Legs
Spine

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3
Q

What is the sequence of exmaination of the MSK?

A

Inspcetion
Palpation
Range of motion
Special maneuvers

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4
Q

what test is done for lumbar spine flexion?

A

Schober’s test

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5
Q

in what cases do u do Schober’s test?

A

px with ankylosing spondylitis

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6
Q

what should be checked from the side of the spine?

A

spinal curvatures: cervical concavity, thoracic convexity, lumbar concavity
lumbar spine & hip

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7
Q

what should be checked from the front of the spine?

A

range of motion
lateral cervical flexion
anterior/posterior neck flexion

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8
Q

what are the diff range of motion of the neck/cervical spine?

A

touch chin to chest (flexion)
put the head back (extension)
touch chin to each shoulder (rotation)
touch each ear to the corresponding shoulder w/o raising the shoulder (L bending)

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9
Q

what are the range of motion of spinal column?

A

flexion
lateral
rotary

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10
Q

what joints of the shoulder are tested for their ROM?

A

Glenohumoral
Acromioclavicular
Sternoclavicular
Costochondral

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11
Q

what should be examined in the shuolder?

A

subcromial and subdeltoid bursae
SITS muscles

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12
Q

what are the ROM of shoulder?

A

flexion
extension
abdunction
adduction
internal rotation
external rotation

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13
Q

what are the different maneuvers done for the shoulders?

A

Empty can = internal human rotation
Drop arm = supraspinatus
Yergason = transverse humeral ligament
Lateral epicondylitis = tennis elbow
Finkelstein’s = test for De quervain’s tensoynovitis
Phalen’s = Carpal tunnel syndrome
Tinel’s = Carpal tunnel syndrome

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14
Q

what are other special maneuvers for the shoudler?

A

Crossover test
Apley scratch test
Neer’s impingement sign
Hawkin’s impingement sign
Supraspinatus strength for empty can test
Infraspinatus strength
Forearm supination
Drop-arm sign

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15
Q

what is done in Hawkin’s impingement sign?

A

flex the px’s shoulder and elbow to 90deg with the palm facing down. With one hand on the forearm and one on the arm, rotate the arm internally

(+) = possible inflammation or rotator cuff tear

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16
Q

what is done in supraspinatus strength or empty can test?

A

elevate the arms to 90deg & internally rotate the arms with the thumbs pointing down, as if emptying a can.

Ask the px to resist as u place downward pressure on the arms

(+) = weakness indicates possible rotator cuff tear

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17
Q

what are the 3 articulations of the elbow?

A

humeroulnar joint
radiohumeral joint
radioulnar joint

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18
Q

what should be inspected of the elbow?

A

swelling over the olecranon prosses (olecranon bursitis)
inflammation of synovial fluid occurs in arthritis

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19
Q

what is done during palpation of the elbow?

A

palpate olecranon process & press over the epicondyles for tenderness or effusion

20
Q

tenderness distal to the epicondyle is common in what condition?

A

L epicondylitis (tennis elbow) & less common in medial epicondylitis (pitcher’s or golfer’s elbow)

21
Q

what are the diff ROM of the elbow?

A

flexion
extension
supination
pronation

22
Q

what are important things to note of the hands & wrists?

A
  • no swelling, deformity
  • normal palms, supination-pronation, power grip and fine precision grip
23
Q

what is examined upon inspection of hands wrists?

A
  • inspect position of the hands in motion
  • inspect the palmar & dorsal surface of the wrist & hand carefully for swelling over joints of signs of trauma
  • note any deformities of the wrist, hand, or finger bones
  • thenar & hypothenar eminences
  • flexion contractures in the fingers
24
Q

what is palpated in the hands & wrists?

A
  • palpate the distal radius and ulna on the L & M surfaces
  • palpate the groove of each wrist joint with your thumbs on the dorsum of the wrist, your fingers
  • palpate the radial styloid bone and the anatomic snuffbox
25
Q

tenderness over the snuffbox suggests what?

A

scaphoid fracture -> most common injury of the carpal bone

26
Q

what are the ROM of the wrist?

A

flexion
extension
adduction (radial deviation)
abduction (ulnar deviation)

27
Q

what are special maneuvers for the wrist?

A

hand grip
thumb moevment
Carpal tunnel: thumb abduction, Tinel’s sign, Phalen’s sign

28
Q

What is done in the Phalen’s sign?

A
  • ask the px to hold the wrists in flexion for 60 secs
  • ask the px to press the backs of both hands together to form right angles

(+) = numbness & tingling in medial nerve distribution

29
Q

what are diff ROM of hands & wrists?

A

flexion
extension
abduction & adduction

30
Q

what are the diff bony landmarks need to be palpated?

A
  • Anterior surface: Iliac crest, iliac tubercle, anterior superior iliac spine, greater trochanter pubic tubercle
  • Posterior surface: posterior superior iliac spine, Greater trochanter, Ischial tuberosity, Sacroiliac joint
31
Q

what are important inguinal structures to note of?

A

NAVEL
Femoral nerve
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Empty space
lymph node

32
Q

what are the diff hip range of motion?

A

flexion
extension
abduction
adduction
external rotation
internal rotation

33
Q

what are the diff hip maneuvers?

A

flexion
extension
abduction
adduction
external & internal rotation

34
Q

what is a special maneuver of the hip?

A

full extension & leg raising of the (R) hip

35
Q

what are the joints palpated in the knee?

A

tibiofemoral joint
irregular bony ridges along joint margins
medial & L menisci
assess medial & lateral joint compartments
Patellofemoral compartment
crepitus & pain in the patella

36
Q

what are the bursae of the knee palpated & checked for bogginess & swelling?

A

Prepatellar bursa
Anserine bursa
Popliteal fossa

37
Q

What are the diff steps in palpation?

A

Bulge sign (minor effusion)
Balloon sign (major effusion)

38
Q

what are the diff maneuers done in ROM?

A

flexion
Extension
Internal rotation
External rotation

39
Q

what are other maneuvers done on the knee?

A

LIgamentous laxity = stretching of medial ligament
Cruciates = test stability of the A & P cruciates

40
Q

What special maneuver of the knee is done to check the M & L meniscus?

A

Mcmrray test

41
Q

What test is done to check for the M collateral ligament?

A

Abduction (or Valgus) Stress test

42
Q

What test is done to check for L Collateral ligament?

A

Adduction (Varus) stress test)

43
Q

What test is done to check for Anterior Cruciate Ligament??

A

Anterior Drawer test
Lachman test

44
Q

What test is done to check for Posterior Cruciate Ligament?

A

Posterior drawer sign

45
Q

what are the diff maneuvers done for ROM of ankles & feet?

A

ANkle fexion
Ankle extension
Inversion
Eversion

46
Q

what are the diff joints assessed of the ankle & foot?

A

ankle (tibiotalar joint)
Subtalar (Talocalcaneal) joint
Tranverse tarsal joint
Metatarsophalangeal joints

Medicine I (8 decks)

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