1.3.3,1.3.4,1.3.5: Charge clouds & Shapes of molecules

Question 1

Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory

Answer 1

Electron repulsion determines the geometry of the molecule

Question 2

Charge clouds

Answer 2

Regions of space where electrons move around

Question 3

Orbital

Answer 3

A region of space where there is a 95% chance the electron is located.

Question 4

Lone pairs

Answer 4

Are held closer to the nucleus of an atom and they repel each more as they are physically closer

Question 5

Repulsion strength trend

Answer 5

highest:
lone - lone
lone - bonding
bonding - bonding

Question 6

Two bonding pairs

Answer 6

linear

180 degrees

Question 7

Three bonding pairs

Answer 7

trigonal planar

120 degrees

Question 8

Four bonding pairs

Answer 8

tetrahedral

109.5 degrees

Question 9

Five bonding pairs

Answer 9

trigonal bypyramidal

120 and 90 degrees

Question 10

Six bonding pairs

Answer 10

octahedral

90 degrees

Question 11

Electronegativity

Answer 11

The ability of an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons in a bond

Question 12

Polar bonds

Answer 12

The electron pair isn’t at the centre of the bond and opposite ends of the bond have opposite partial charges

Question 13

Scale that measures electronegativity

Answer 13

Pauling scale

Question 14

Permanent dipole

Answer 14

Charge difference between partial negative and positive charges

Question 15

Polar molecules

2 features

Answer 15

Have polar bonds AND a charge separation/ permanent dipole

Question 16

Why are some molecules non-polar even though they contain polar bonds

Answer 16

polar bonds can cancel out