Behavioral Dynamics Exam 1 Cards Flashcards
4 D’s of psychiatric disease
Deviance, Dysfunction, Distress, Danger
What is a Deviant Behavior?
A behavior that is extreme or unusual from social norms
What is a distressing behavior?
A behavior that is considered unpleasant and unsettling to the patient
What is a dysfunctional behavior
A behavior that interferes with the patient’s daily functioning
What is a dangerous behavior
A behavior that poses the risk of harm to self or others
Scope of practice of a Psychology PhD.
Psychologist who participates in clinical counseling and research
Scope of practice of a Psychology PhD.
Psychologist who participates in clinical counseling and research
Scope of practice of a Psy.D.
Psychologist who is closer to a physician but has limited or no prescribing ability
Scope of practice for a Psychiatrist
MD or DO who can write medication, usually in a clinical setting
Scope of practice for a Psychiatrist
MD or DO who can write medication, usually in a clinical setting
Scope of practice of a Psychiatric nurse?
Works with hospitalized psychiatric patients to improve functioning and manages various aspects of treatment
Scope of practice of Psych PA or NP
Works with supervising Psychiatrist assesing clients and prescribing meds
How prevalent is mental illness in the US
50% of adults will experience mental illness during their life, 1 in 5 experience mental illness in a given year
How prevalent is mental illness in the US
50% of adults will experience mental illness during their life, 1 in 5 experience mental illness in a given year
4 Adverse effects of poor mental health on physical health
Decreased use of medical care, Reduced adherence, Higher risks of adverse outcomes, Increased tobacco and alcohol use
2 Concerns with the DSM-V
Too subjective with not enough scientific bases, Diagnoses too closely based on social norms or cultural biases
4 Concerns with the DSM-V
Too subjective with not enough scientific bases, Diagnoses too closely based on social norms or cultural biases, supports chemical imbalance theories without strong evidence, mediation first approach to treatment encouraged
3 Elements that make a psychiatric note different from other notes
More subjectivity, Less validating criteria, Lower diagnostic reliability
4 Parts of a Psych note
General information (Name, Age, Sex, Race, Income, Address)
Chief Complaint
Historical Information (HPI, Psych, Medical, Substance Use, Family, Developmental, Educational, Vocational or Military, Sexual, Legal, Residential)
Objective exam (General, MSK/Neuro, Skin, Psych)
How is a Psychiatric evaluation different from a physical evaluation
It dives deeper into a patient’s history in an attempt to understand how their past has affected their present condition
How is a Psychiatric evaluation different from a physical evaluation
It dives deeper into a patient’s history in an attempt to understand how their past has affected their present condition
Psychodynamics
Collective aggregate of conscious and unconscious factors that influence personality, behavior and attitudes
Psychoanalysis
Method of treating mental and emotional disorders based around revealing and investigating the role of unconscious and conscious desires
Psychotherapy
Use of verbal methods to influence another person’s mental and emotional state
Psychodynamic theory views behavior as the product of a(n) _____________________ ___________________
Internal Discussion
Id
Greedy inner child that acts on primal instincts and desires. Seeks gratification and pleasure no matter the cost
Superego
Image of what one should strive to be, morals and internal conscience that is at odds with the id
Ego
Grown up self which has to balance the id and the superego. May make decisions that either cause or reduce anxiety
How the id, ego, and superego interplay with conscious and unconscious thinking
The Id is mostly subconscious while the super ego is both and the ego is mostly conscious
Mature ego defense mechanisms
Defense mechanisms that do not compromise other functioning
Primitive ego defense mechanisms
Defense mechanisms that do compromise mature functioning
3 factors that determine defense mechanism use
Psychological maturity, Developmental history, Intensity of distress or anxiety
Regression
Retreating to an earlier stage of development
Denial
Behaving as if things are different than they really are, if severe can be described as a delusion
Projection
Attributing one’s own unacceptable feelings to another person, can be used as an excuse for one’s own feelings
Intellectualization
Focusing on minor, often unimportant details of a situation rather than addressing the main central conflic
Repression
Placing disagreeable or unacceptable thoughts in the subconscious mind rather than dealing with them
Displacement
Expressing feelings or impulses toward one group or person onto another group or person that is less threatening (ie. getting made at spouse instead of boss)
Rationalization
Reinterpreting the facts/lying to ourselves
Dissociation
Disconnecting from a stressful situation by pursuing an alternate reality, lying to ourselves
Reaction Formation
A person goes into denial by acting opposite to the way that they truly feel
Suppression
Thoughts are put into the subconscious and are dealt with at a future date
Sublimation
Channeling unacceptable impulses into socially appropriate activities, allowing one to use their energy in better ways
Six expanded roles of the ego in Ego psychology
Reality testing, impulse control, Affect regulation, judgement, Synthetic functioning, defense mechanisms
Erik Erikson theory of development
8 stages of development from child to adult
Object relations psychology
Humans are shaped in relation to the significant other surrounding them; primary motivators are relationships rather than sexual or aggressive impulses
Self Psychology
The “self” is derived from their perception of their identity, personal awareness and personal experiences including self esteem
Strengths of Psychodynamic theory (3)
Focuses on how the past influences the present, Acknowledges the subconscious, Does seem to help patients
Weaknesses of Psychodynamic theory (4)
Ignores biological components, Depends on therapist interpretation, Can focus too much on the past and under emphasize the present, Not scientifically proven
Humanistic persepctive
Humans are basically good, well nurtured children with develop into emotionally healthy adults. Problems are the result of caregiver failure
Client centered therapy
Unconditional positive regard that encourages patient to generate ideas rather than decoding their mind
Behaviorist perspective
Belief that behavior is determined by the environment. People are born as a blank slate and develop as the result of external stimuli
Goal of behaviorist therapy
To alter offensive stimuli or recondition oneself to constructive behaviors
Goal of humanistic therapy
Self-Actualization
Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective
Automatic thoughts lead to irrational assumptions which shape behavior
Arbitrary Inference
Drawing unwarranted conclusions on the basis of little or no evidence
Selective abstraction
Drawing conclusions on the basis of a single piece of data while ignoring contradictory data
Personalization
Taking the blame for something that is clearly not one’s fault
Overgeneralization
Drawing a general conclusion on the basis of a single, sometimes insignificant event
Goal of CBT
To discover faulty thinking processes through a therapeutic relationship with the patient and allow them to become aware of the maladaptive cognition and change it
Maslow’s Needs
Physiological, Safety and Security, Love and Belonging, Self Esteem, Self Actualization
Classical conditioning
Conditioning as seen with Pavlov’s dogs
Unconditioned stimulus
Stimulus that produces a response without any need for conditioning
Unconditioned response
Response to unconditioned stimulus
