Cell Division

Question 1

Why are checkpoints important throughout the cell cycle?

Answer 1

they make sure that the cell has no mistakes as it divides, so that any daughter cells formed are functional

Question 2

What is the stage of the cell cycle when the cytoplasm of a cell actually splits and two daughter cells are formed?

Answer 2

cytokinesis

Question 3

Which of the following are parts of mitosis?

Answer 3

metaphase, telophase, prophase, anaphase

Question 4

Differentiation can be described as

Answer 4

the process by which stem cells develop a specific purpose and become a specialized cell

Question 5

Cancer cells are your own cells dividing uncontrollably? true or false

Answer 5

true

Question 6

A benign tumor can be described as

Answer 6

a mass of abnormal cells that does not move beyond its original location

Question 7

Anaphase description:

Answer 7

Sister chromatids are pulled apart from each other and migrate to opposite poles / ends of the cell

Question 8

Telophase description:

Answer 8

Chromatids are at opposite ends of the cell and a new nucleus begins to form around each set of chromatids

Question 9

Metaphase description:

Answer 9

Sister chromatids are pulled to the equator and line up in the middle of the cell

Question 10

Prophase description:

Answer 10

Sister chromatids first become visible and the nuclear membrane begins to break down

Question 11

Daughter cells that are formed by mitosis have _______________chromosomes as the parent cell

Answer 11

the same number of

Question 12

Apoptosis is

Answer 12

a process in which a cell should destroy itself if an error is found and cannot be fixed, programmed cell death, and the destruction of a cell that has/contains an error

Question 13

Place the phases of mitosis in order, starting with what happens immediately after interphase

Answer 13

prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

Question 14

Put the phases of the cell cycle in the correct order, starting with the phase that happens immediately after a new cell is formed.

Answer 14

G1
S
G2
M

Question 15

Cancer is the result of

Answer 15

cells that divide uncontrollably

Question 16

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replicate itself?

Answer 16

Interphase - Synthesis

Question 17

Mitosis produces daughter cells that are _______ to their parents, which means that they have the exact same ________. These daughter cells are __________, or body cells. Unlike mitosis, meiosis forms daughter cells that have __________ the DNA of their parent cell. These cells made during meiosis are called _________.

Answer 17

identical
DNA
somatic
half
gametes

Question 18

Which of the following is not true about stem cells?

Answer 18

only embryonic stem cells can differentiate

Question 19

Stem cells can become any type of cell in the body?
true or false?

Answer 19

true

Question 20

Organisms use the process of mitosis for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Answer 20

differentiation

Question 21

Which of the following is an argument that supports the use of embryonic stem cells?

Answer 21

they can be used to cure diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimers

Question 22

A malignant tumor can be described as

Answer 22

a mass of abnormal cells that can spread from where it originated

Question 23

Golgi Body

Answer 23

Packages and ships the proteins to be exported from the cell

Question 24

Mitochondria

Answer 24

Breaks down glucose to give the cell energy (ATP)

Question 25

Cell Wall

Answer 25

Provides shape and support for plant cells

Question 26

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 26

The highway used to transport materials throughout the cell

Question 27

Chloroplast

Answer 27

A structure in plants that captures energy from the sun and converts it into glucose

Question 28

Vacuole

Answer 28

Stores substances inside the cell (water, nutrients)

Question 29

Cell Membrane

Answer 29

Controls what can enter or leave the cell

Question 30

Ribosomes

Answer 30

Make proteins

Question 31

Nucleus

Answer 31

Control center of the cell that directs all of the cells activities

Question 32

Vesicle

Answer 32

The pouch that moves materials around the cell (sac)

Question 33

Cytoplasm

Answer 33

Fluid, jelly like substance that holds the organelles

Question 34

Microtubules

Answer 34

Forms the cytoskeleton of the cell and enables organelles to move in the cell

Question 35

In order for a virus to reproduce it must invade a cell that becomes the ________ for the virus

Answer 35

host cell

Question 36

DNA is found in a double helix in what type of cell?

Answer 36

eukaryote

Question 37

A virus is a type of cell and is considered living.
true or false:

Answer 37

false

Question 38

Prokaryotic cell that is usually round and simple

Answer 38

Bacteria cell

Question 39

Eukaryotic cell that contains a cell wall and multiple nuclei

Answer 39

Fungal cell

Question 40

Eukaryotic cell that is round and contains lysosomes and centrioles

Answer 40

Animal cell

Question 41

Eukaryotic cell that is boxy and contains chloroplast and cell wall

Answer 41

Plant cell

Question 42

A cell that does not have a nucleus and usually forms unicellular organisms represents what type of cell?

Answer 42

prokaryote

Question 43

Bacteria is an example of what type(s) of cell(s)?

Answer 43

prokaryotic

Question 44

More complex, larger in size, and usually forms multicellular organisms would best describe what type of cell?

Answer 44

eukaryote

Question 45

Animal cells, plant cells, and fungal cells are examples of what type of cell?

Answer 45

eukaryotic

Question 46

What organelles are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 46

cell membrane, cytoplasm, genetic material, ribosome

Question 47

Which of the following are found in eukaryotic cells only?

Answer 47

endoplasmic reticulum
vacuoles
golgi body
vesicle
mitochondria
nucleus
cytoskeleton

Question 48

Select all that apply. Which organelles are found in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 48

cell membrane
ribosome
genetic material
nucleoid
nucleoid