10. Anaerobes Flashcards
(108 cards)
1
Q
GPRs (5)
A
Clostridium
Actinomyces
Cutibacterium
Lactobacillus
Bifidobacterium
2
Q
GNRs (4)
A
Bacteroides
Fusobacterium
Prevotella
Porphyromonas
3
Q
GNC (1)
A
Veillonella
4
Q
GPCs (4)
A
Finegoldia
Peptostreptococcus
Peptoniphilus
Streptococcus (micro)
5
Q
Clostridium
catalase
resistance
A
cat =
colistin R
6
Q
no WBC in stain
A
C. perfringens
7
Q
C. —– rarely makes spores
A
perfringens
8
Q
C. perfringens disease
A
gas gangrene
necrotizing fasciitis
food poisoning
soft tissue infection
bacteremia (elderly)
9
Q
gray, flat rhizoid colony that spreads, but doesn’t swarm
A
C. perfringens
10
Q
double Beta
A
C. perfringens
11
Q
Alpha & Theta toxins
A
C. perfringens
12
Q
tennis racket
A
C. tetani
13
Q
C. tetani indole
A
indole +
14
Q
toxin of C. tetani
A
tetanospasmin
15
Q
Beta swarming colony
A
C. tetani
16
Q
dx by s/s, not culture
A
C. tetani
17
Q
toxins A & B
A
C. difficile
18
Q
culture not performed but colony is chartreuse and has horse odor
A
C. difficile
19
Q
isolation from blood = colon cancer
A
C. septicum
20
Q
Medusa head, swarms
A
C. septicum
21
Q
C. septicum indole
A
indole =
22
Q
Nonswarming clostridium; end of pregnancy infection
A
C. sordellii
23
Q
end of pregnancy
A
C. sordellii
24
Q
C. sordellii indole, urease
A
indole +
urease +
25
Actinomyces GS
long, thin, branched, beaded GPR
26
short, clubbed, pleio, palisading GPR
Cutibacterium
27
C. acnes catalase indole
cat +
indole +
28
long, thin, chain forming GPR
lactobacillus
29
ppt alpha/gamma
intrinsicallyl Vanc resistant
Lactobacillus
30
"Y" dog bone
Bifidobacterium
31
dental caries
small white colony
Bifidobacterium
32
Bifidobacterium cat indole nitrate
catalase =
indole =
nitrate =
33
enzyme made by all anaerobic GNRs
B-lactamase
34
pleio/CB with or without vacuoles
Bacteroides fragilis
35
esculin +
B. fragilis
36
B. fragilis resistance
Pen
Vanc
Kanamycin
Colistin
37
large gray wet speckled
B. fragilis
38
B. fragilis infections
below the waist
39
obligate anaerobes, NOF
Fusobacterium
40
Fusobacterium resistance
Vanc
41
fluoresce chartreuse
Fusobacterium
42
rancid butter, butyric acid
Fusobacterium
43
Fusobacterium indole
indole +
44
long thin fusiform rod
F. nucleatum
45
F. nucleatum infections
above the waist, especially lungs
46
speckled, breadcrumbs, smooth gray/white
F. nucleatum
47
Differentiate the Fusobacteriums
F. nucleatum: lipase =
F. necrophorum: lipase +
48
bizarre pleio
F. necrophorum
49
F. necrophorum infections
Vincent's angina/trench mouth
Lemierre's disease
50
Prev/Porph GS
GNCB/pleio
51
tan/black colonies on media with blood
Prev/Porph
52
red fluorescence
Prev, Porph, Veill
53
Prevotella melaninogenica resistance
Vanc
Kanamycin
54
Prev/Porph infections
above the waist
oral flora
55
Porphyromonas resistance
Kanamycin
Colistin
56
Differentiate Prev/Porph
Prevotella: grows on LKV
Porphyromons: ng on LKV
57
GNCCL
Veillonella parvula
58
Veillonella parvula resistance
Vanc
59
Veillonella parvula LKV
ng
60
Veillonella parvula infections
mixed
above/below waist
61
Veillonella nitrate
nitrate +
62
GPC resistance pattern
S to Vanc
V to colistin
R to kanamycin
63
25% anaerobic infections
GPC
64
most pathogenic anaerobic GPC
Finegoldia magna
65
Finegoldia infections
endocarditis
joint
respiratory
prostheses
diabetic food wound
66
larger than average GPC - mimics Staph
Finegoldia magna
67
Finegoldia magna catalase indole SPS
catalase =
indole =
R to SPS
68
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius infections
mixed
abdomen, GU, respiratory, oral
69
elongated cocci in PR/CH
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius
70
sweet odor, isocapric acid
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius
71
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius SPS
S to SPS
72
Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus infections
below the waist
especially female reproductive system
73
stain poorly, appear as GNC
Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus
74
Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus indole
indole +
75
Microaer Strep requirement
10% CO2
76
Micro Strep formerly...
S. milleri
77
Micro Strep colony
ppt Beta
butterscotch odor
78
micro Strep PYR
PYR =
(Group A is PYR +)
79
brain abscesses
S. intermedius
80
abdomen, head and neck infections
Micro Strep
81
antibiotics above diaphragm
clindamycin
82
antibiotics below diaphragm
metronidazole
does not affect aerobes
83
antibiotics used for multiple sites
B-lactams/combos
carbapenems
moxifloxacin
84
Can tolerate exposure to 2-8% oxygen for 30 minutes to a few hours
moderate obligate
85
moderate obligate groups
Bacteroides fragilis group
Prevotella-Porphyromonas groups
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Clostridium perfringens
86
2 factors that affect growth of anaerobes
Inhibitory effect of oxygen and its toxic derivatives
Oxidation-reduction potential of media
87
Eh
Measurement of environment’s ability to lose (oxidize) or gain (reduce) electrons
88
ideal specimen
whole tissue or aspiration with needle and syringe
89
redox indicator
Resazurin
90
clues to presence of anaerobes
1) close to mucosa
2) necrotic/low bloodflow
3) foul odor
4) gas in tissues
5) sulfur granules
6) black discoloration
7) fluorescence
etc
91
Pmel requirements
vitamin K
hemin
92
produces vitamin K
Saur
93
reducing ingredients in RBAP
palladium chloride, L-cysteine HCL and dithiothreitol
94
main enriched and selective agar
Laked kanamycin-vancomycin agar (LKV)
95
BBE ingredients
esculin, bile, hemin, vitamin K and gentamicin
96
ideal anaerobic atmosphere
80-90% nitrogen
5% hydrogen
5-10% carbon dioxide
97
how do self contained agars work?
Media contains enzymes which reduces oxygen in agar and space above medium
98
anaerobic generating system chemical reactions
Creates hydrogen and carbon dioxide
Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water in the presence of a palladium catalyst
Desiccant absorbs the water produced
99
explain role of charcoal filter in anaerobic chamber
Charcoal filter absorbs hydrogen sulfide and other metabolic by-products which can inactivate the palladium catalyst
100
when to examine plates
48 hours, 3, 4 and 5 days
101
how to perform aerotolerance test
Sub to one-quarter section of CHOC and an entire RBAP
read at 48 hours
102
wound cultures take ---- days minimum
5
103
when to do full ID and susceptibility
Pure culture of one anaerobe or a sterile body site or a clinically significant site
104
red fluorescence is due to...
except for...
breakdown of hemoglobin to heme
Veillonella
105
gas-liquid chromatography detects...
Volatile fatty acids
Alcohols
Non-volatile organic acids
106
grow organism in ------ before gas-liquid chromatography
glucose broth
107
solubilizes end products of glucose metabolism
ether/chloroform
108
catalase +
C. acnes
