1.2 - Attack Types Flashcards
Define Malware.
A form of malicious software that is used for some nefarious purpose (gathering information, forcing a pc to participate in a group, showing advertising, etc.)
List as many types of malware as you can.
- Viruses
- Crypto-malware
- Ransomware
- Worms
- Trojan Horse
- Rootkit
- Keylogger
- Adware / Spyware
- Botnet
What are some ways that you can prevent a PC from getting malware?
- Don’t click email links
- Keep OS updated
- Keep applications updated and check with
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Define Virus.
A type of malware that can reproduce itself but requires user input in order to start infecting. It reproduces through file systems or the network.
List the types of viruses.
- Program Virus
- Boot Sector Virus
- Script Virus
- Macro Virus
- Fileless Virus
Define Program Virus.
A virus that runs within an application.
Define Boot Sector Virus.
A virus that runs within the boot sector of an OS and starts upon a system booting up.
Define Script Virus.
A virus that runs off a script that is either OS or browser-based.
Define Fileless Virus.
A virus that is never saved into the file system of the OS. It only ever runs on the memory of a system.
Define Macro Virus.
A virus that runs off of a macro typically found within Microsoft Office.
Define Worm.
A form of malware that self-replicates. It does not require user input in order to start. It often uses the network as a transmission medium. Self-propagates and spreads quickly.
Define Ransomware.
An attack in which a bad actor takes, acts like they have taken, or encrypts your data until you pay them to get it back.
Define Crypto-Malware.
A ransomware attack in which the victim’s data is encrypted. A decryption key must be obtained from the bad actors.
What are 5 ways to protect against ransomware?
- Always have a backup
- Keep your OS system up to date
- Keep your applications up to date
- Keep your anti-virus / anti-malware signatures up
to date - Keep everything up to date
Define Trojan Horse.
A type of malware that pretends to be something else to make its way on your computer. It can open up a way for other types of malware.
Define Remote Access Trojans (RATs).
A type of trojan horse that allows for remote administrative control of a device.
List 3 ways to protect a PC against Trojan Horses and RATs.
- Don’t run unknown software
- Keep anti-virus / anti-malware signatures updated
- Always have a backup
Define Rootkit.
A type of malware that is within the system files making it incredibly difficult to remove. It can often be invisible to the OS.
What are 3 ways to deal with rootkits?
- Looking for the unusual (via anti-malware scans)
- Use a remover specific to the rootkit
- Secure boot with UEFI