Operational Techniques Flashcards
Can the airplane be flown with frost and/or ice on the wings and tail?
No, ice and frost disturb the flow of air over the wing surface reducing performance by as much as 25%. Ice can also add a significant amount of weight to the A/C
How would frost affect the flight characteristics?
Frost does not change the aerodynamic shape of the wing but spoils the smooth flow of air causing an increase in drag and early airflow separation over the wing, resulting in loss of life
Do the FAR’s specifically prohibit the operation of an aircraft in a careless or reckless manner
Yes, 91.13 prohibits operating an A/C in a careless or reckless manner so as to endanger the life or property of another
May an aircraft be operated after sunset without displaying position lights
No 91.209 specifies positions lights must be operational from sunset to sunrise
Is buzzing or intentionally flying in close proximity to the ground other than for takeoff or landing considered to be careless or reckless operation
Yes, if it violated 91.119 min. safe alt.
any alt. allowing an ER landing without undue hazard to persons or property on the surface in case of an engine failure
over congested areas of city, town, or settlement, or over an open air assembly of persona, an alt. of 1,000 above the highest obstacle within 2,000 feet of the A/C
Over other than congested areas an alt. of 500’ AGL except over open water or sparsely populate areas where you cannot operate closer than 500’ to any person, vessel, vehicle, or structure
What does the operation of a rotating beacon during daylight hours at an airport in controlled airspace mean?
Wx is below VFR min. ceiling less than 1,000’ or <3 SM vis
What visual display is used to indicate an airport runway or taxiway is closed to traffic
an X
What is a segmented circle?
Visual indicator that provides traffic pattern information to pilots at airports without a control tower
How do you determine the traffic pattern at an airport
Chart supplement, Segmented circle, listen to CTAF
What colors are civil airport rotating beacon
Flashing white and green
What does an X at the end of a runway signify?
The runway is closed
What is the demonstrated crosswind velocity for your airplane?
17 KTS
What is ground effect?
area of reduced aerodynamic drag that an aircraft’s wings generate when they are close to a fixed surface
How does ground effect affect the airplane during takeoff and landing?
During takeoff you get enhanced lift giving the aircraft the ability to get off the ground before reaching safe takeoff speed which if not recognized could give the pilot an impression that the A/C is ready for takeoff and then stall the A/C or it can cause it to settle back down to the ground
During landing it can cause an A/C to float over the runway, typically when lending with an excess amount of speed
What is the most effective method of scanning for other aircraft during daylight hours?
Series of short, regularly spaced eye movements that bring successive areas of the sky into the central visual field. Each movement shouldn’t exceed 10 degrees and should last at least 1 second
What is the most effective method of scanning for other aircraft during night hours?
Using peripheral vision by scanning small sectors and utilizing off-center viewing
Upon entering severe turbulence which flight condition should the pilot attempt to maintain
Straight and level flight
Why does P-factor cause the airplane to yaw left
Due to the AOA of the propeller. The prop takes a bigger bit of air on the right side producing more thrust from the right half of the prop thus trying to turn the airplane left
In what flight condition is torque effect the greatest in a single engine airplane
At low airspeed with high power settings
Which direction does the elevator move when forward or backward pressure is applied to the control wheel
Forward - Down
Backward - Up
How do ailerons move in a left or right turn
Left - Left up right down
Right - Right up left down
What is aileron yaw or adverse yaw
Tendency of an airplane to yaw in the opposite direction of the turn. Caused by the difference in lift and drag of each wing