week 4: sensory examination & reflex integrity screen Flashcards

1
Q

2 main spinal pathways (afferent):

A

Anterolateral Spinothalamic
Dorsal column-medial leminscus (DCML)

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2
Q

Nondiscrimitive/crude touch, pain, temperature
more primitive system

A

anterolateral
spinothalamic

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3
Q

Precise location, discriminative touch (localized)

A

Dorsal column-medial leminscus (DCML)

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4
Q

Is the following statement True or False?
Are both Anterolateral Spinothalamic and dorsal column-medial lemniscus (DCML) transmitting sensory information to the brain?

A

True

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5
Q

Anterolateral Spinothalamic receives signals from __________,__________,__________ and carry ________ fibers, which are unmyenlinated

A

mechanoreceptors, nociceptors, and thermoreceptors
C-fibers

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6
Q

The DCML receives signals from specialized ________ and carries ______ and _______ fibers, which are myelinated rapidly conducting.

A

mechanoreceptors; a-beta and a-delta

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7
Q

What is the location of the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex:

A

post-central gyrus (sensory); pre-central cortex (motor)

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8
Q

The relative size of body parts represents the amount of sensory input and the importance of sensory information from that body region as it relates to function.

A

homunculus

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9
Q

What are the three divisions of sensory receptors:

A

superficial
deep
combined (cortical) sensation

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10
Q

These sensory receptors receive stimuli from an external environment via skin and subcutaneous tissue:

A

superficial sensation

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11
Q

These sensory receptors receive stimuli from muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, and fascia.

A

deep sensation

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12
Q

What are combined cortical sensations?
-examples:

A

combination of both exteroceptive and proprioceptive receptors
stereognosis, two-point discrimination, tactile localization, recognition of texture, etc.

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13
Q

Responds to mechanical deformation of the receptor or surrounding area:

A

mechanoreceptors

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14
Q

Respond to changes in temperature:

A

thermoreceptors

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15
Q

Responds to noxious stimuli and results in the perception of pain:

A

nociceptors

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16
Q

Responds to chemical substances and is responsible for taste, smell, oxygen levels, etc.

A

Chemorecprtors

17
Q

Respons to light within the visible spectrum:

A

Phtoic (electromagnetic)

18
Q

Muscle spindle fibers belong to what sensory mechanoreceptors?

A

deep

19
Q

What are the 5 primary categories for a sensory screen?

A

Light touch
Pinprick
Temperature
Joint pos. and awareness
Vibration

20
Q

What is the testing order for a sensory exam and why?

A

1st: Superficial sensations
2nd: Deep (proprioceptive)
3rd: Combined cortical sensation

-if superficial test indicates impairments, more discriminative and combined cortical sensations will also exhibit impairments.

21
Q

Performance considerations:
________ application of stimuli
Performed _______ to ________
________testing over desensitized surface area
Cater ________ cueing for accurate responses

A

random
distal to proximal
avoid
verbal

22
Q

Grading scale:
normal:
impaired or delayed:
absent:
NT=

A

2
1
0
not testable

23
Q

Involuntary, predictable, and specific response to a stimulus that is dependent:

A

reflex

24
Q

Discuss Sensory Exam Elements pptx. (28-45)

A
25
Q

DTRs are testing only UMN. True or False

A

False; DTRs test UMN and LMN as well as S & M components

26
Q

DTR test location:
Biceps tendon:
Brachioradialis:
Triceps tendon:
Patelar tendon:
Achilles tendon:

CN Jaw Jerk Test:

A

C5-C6
C5-C6
C6-C7
L3-L4
S1-S2

CN V3

27
Q

DTRs are increased =
DTRs are decreased =

A

UMN injury
LMN injury

28
Q

Babinksi and Hoffmans are indicative of UMN or LMN:

A

UMN

29
Q
A