Compounds, Formulae And Equations Flashcards

1
Q

What transition metals Should you learn

A

Zinc- Zn2+
Silver- Ag+

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2
Q

What are binary compounds

A

Contain only 2 elements. To name these
Put the metal first
Change the ending of the second element to -ide

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3
Q

What is a poly atomic ion

A

Contains more than one atom

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4
Q

What is the formula of ammonium

A

NH4+

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5
Q

What is the formula for hydroxide

A

OH-

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6
Q

What is the formula for nitrate

A

NO3-

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7
Q

What is the formula for nitrite

A

NO2-

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8
Q

What is the formula for hydrogen carbonate

A

HCO3-

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9
Q

What is the formula for carbonate

A

CO3 2-

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10
Q

What is the formula for sulphate

A

SO4 2-

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11
Q

What is the formula for sulphite

A

SO3 2-

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12
Q

What is the formula for dichromate

A

Cr2 O2 2-

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13
Q

What is the formula for phosphate

A

PO4 3-

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14
Q

What does -ate mean

A

Oxygen with a non metal

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15
Q

What is the information for the tests for carbonate (CO32-)

A

Reagent- nitric acid
Observation- effervescence (solid dissolves)

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16
Q

What is the ionic equation for carbonate

A

2H+ + CO32- ——> H2 + CO2
(aq) (aq) (g) (g)

17
Q

What is the information for the test of sulfate

A

Reagent- Barium nitrate or barium chloride
Observation- white precipitate

18
Q

What is the ionic equation for the test of sulfate

A

Ba2+ + SO42- ——> BaSO4
(aq) (aq) (s)

19
Q

What is the information for the test of halides (chlorine bromine blah blah blah)

A

Reagent- silver nitrate
Observation- precipitate (colour depends on halide ion)

20
Q

What is the ionic equation for halide

A

Ag+ +. X- —> AgX
(aq) (aq) (s)

21
Q

What is the information for ammonium

A

Reagent- warm with NaOH
Observation- gas produced turns damp red litmus paper blue

22
Q

What is the ionic equation for ammonium

A

NH4+ + OH- —> NH3 + H2O
(aq) ~(aq) _(g) (l)

23
Q

What is the correct order the test should be done

A

1) Carbonate
2) Sukfate
3) Halide

Ammonium can be done at any time

24
Q

Why should it be done in that order

A

To prevent unwanted white precipitates
Barium ions form a white precipitate with carbonate BaCO3

Silver ions form a white precipitate with carbonate and sulfate ions
Ag2SO4 and Ag2CO3
This correct order prevents the formation of any of them

25
Q

Why do we put carbonate first

A

Acid removes the carbonate ions which prevents the formation of Barium carbonate and silver carbonate

26
Q

Why do we put sulfate second

A

Barium ions remove sulfate which prevents the formation of silver sulfate in the next step

27
Q

Why do halide go last

A

Now carbonate and sulfate are removed silver nitrate can be added

28
Q

How do you distinguish chloride ion and bromide ion precipitates

A

If the precipitate dissolved in dilute ammonia then it’s a chloride
If it doesn’t dissolve in dilute but does dissolve in concentrated ammonia then it’s a bromide

29
Q

What the information for silver halide precipitates

A

Silver chloride- white ppt
Silver bromide- cream ppt
Silver iodide- yellow ppt

30
Q

What are ionic equations

A

Simplified full equations that show ions making a product
(Always the precipitate)

31
Q

Why do isotopes have similar chemical properties

A

Same number of electrons in its outer shell