Acids And Bases Flashcards
What is an acid
A proton donor in an aqueous solution (H+)
What is a strong acid
An acid that fully dissociates in water
What are the examples of strong acids
Hydrochloric acid Sulfuric acid
What is a weak acid
An acid that partially dissociates in water
What is an example of a weak acid
Ethanoic acid
What is a base
They are proton accepters and neutralise acids to form salts.
What are examples of bases
Metal oxides, Metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and ammonia
What is an every day example of a base
For acid indigestion, MgO is in milk of magnesia. It acts as an antacid reacting with excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach
Ca(OH)2 is used to treat acidic soils
What is an alkali
A base that dissolves in water to produce hydroxide ions
What is an example of an alkali
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
Ammonia (NH3)- weak base
What is a neutralisation reaction
A type of reaction when an acid reacts
with a base. The protons from acids and the hydroxide ions from bases react in a solution
H+ + OH- –> H2O the ionic equation for neutralisation
what does an acid and base form
Acid+Base –> Salt+water
HCl+KOH–> KCl+H2O
What does an acid and a carbonate form
Acid+Carbonate–> Salt+water+carbon dioxide
2HCl+MgCO3–> MgCl2+H2O+CO2
What is the ionic equation for the neutralisation of an acid and carbonate
2H+ + CO3–> H20 +CO2
What does an acid and ammonia form
Acid+Ammonia –> Ammonium salt
HCl+NH3 –> NH4Cl